Sentence examples for multiple viral genotypes from inspiring English sources

These processes are especially significant in long-term persistent infections where multiple viral genotypes co-replicate in a single host, generating abundant genotypic variants, some of which may possess novel host-colonizing and pathogenicity traits.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 170 million people worldwide, and is a major public health problem in Brazil, where over 1% of the population may be infected and where multiple viral genotypes co-circulate.

These data demonstrate that persistent infection of multiple viral genotypes within a host organism is sufficient to drive the large-scale production of viral genetic variants that may evolve into new and emerging viruses.

In some plants, successive vegetative propagation of infected tissues and introduction of new genotypes of a virus by vector transmission allows for viral populations to increase in complexity for hundreds of years allowing co-replication and subsequent recombination of the multiple viral genotypes.

As well as targeting multiple HCV epitopes, an effective global vaccine will also need to target multiple viral genotypes [14].

Phase I clinical data suggest that the generation of T cells that target multiple viral genotypes using this vaccine is possible.

14 15 However, the success of T cell vaccines in regions where multiple HCV genotypes coexist will depend on the generation of T cells that have the capacity to target multiple viral strains or viral regions that are conserved between genotypes.

The potential for recombination and reassortment is greatly enhanced in persistent and chronic infections, in which multiple genotypes of a single viral species, or multiple viral species, are introduced into a single host through repeated infections [7], [8].

New viral genotypes can be created through recombination events after multiple introductions and be beneficial for biological control of chestnut blight.

Moreover, a third less frequently observed genetic pattern was the presence of different subtypes or genotypes within the same herd at the same date of sampling, indicating BVDV cocirculation, possibly through exposure to multiple viral sources.

The geographic clustering of viral genotypes suggests frequent community transmission.