Analysis of the neuromuscular synapse at P0 stage showed that APPTA/TAAPLP2−/− mutants exhibited normal neuromuscular synapses, compared to APP+/+APLP2−/− littermate controls (Figs. 2A and 2C and quantified in 2B and 2D).
The double mutants null for yata and Appl showed reduced brain volume at day 0 after eclosion, whereas both single mutants exhibited normal volumes at day 0. Conversely, the premature lethality and brain volume reduction at day 14 were improved by the neuronal overexpression of Appl.
The mutants exhibited normal homodimeric behavior, comparable with the wt protein.
Uninjected siblings and uninjected tie-2 mutants exhibited normal cardiac morphology, with the endocardium and myocardium layers closely abutting within the atrium and ventricular zones (Fig. 2Bii,iii).
The gene family member Vangl1 was not expressed in NC nor ectopically expressed in Vangl2 Lp/Lp embryos, and doubly homozygous Vangl1/ Vangl2 mutants exhibited normal NC migration.
Phenotypic analysis revealed that both mutants exhibited normal development of asexual blood stages and mature gametocytes, while activation of male gametogenesis, as measured by the formation of exflagellation centres, was also normal in both mutants (Fig. 3A C).
