pAOS also successfully helped in the lung infections by modulating the intestinal microbiota and the inflammatory and immune responses (Bernard et al. 2015).
Probiotics are defined as live bacterial strains conferring various benefits to the consumer by modulating the intestinal ecosystem, thereby potentially promoting host health and improving host disease risk.
If there is a vicious circle between altered intestinal ecology and altered physiology, can this be broken by modulating the intestinal microbiota?
Such substances are capable of modulating the intestinal flora in IBD, resulting in a predominance of beneficial Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species and in clinical benefit [ 7, 8].
In conclusion, our data clearly demonstrated that dietary fat components such as SFA and to a lesser extend MUFA are capable of modulating the intestinal barrier and liver fat accumulation but not necessarily the serotonergic system.
Recently, MTP was also found to be involved in modulating the intestinal immune response to antigens by regulating type I CD1 molecules [ 17, 18], which are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-homologues.
