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Sequences were aligned using the translation alignment tool and the MAFFT plug-in in Geneious (Biomatters Ltd. Auckland, New Zealand) [ 32] and edited manually.
We aligned protein-coding exons in frame, using the amino acid translations as a guide, with the MUSCLE translation alignment plugin [ 75], and we aligned non-coding sequences using the standard MUSCLE alignment plugin in Geneious.
A translation alignment was performed on the CDSs using the L-INS-I algorithm of MAFFT v7.017 [ 45] as implemented in Geneious 6.1.8 (www.geneious.com).
Intron-exon boundaries were identified by translation alignment of the intron-containing genes with CDSs of orthologous genes from published chlorophytan cpDNAs.
We converted them to amino acids, and then used the translation alignment algorithm in the program Geneious v4.8.4 (GeneMatters Corp ., with the default cost matrix (Blosum62) and gap penalties (open=12, extension=3).
Considering the translation, alignment to other plant CENH3s, and the proportion of these transcripts, we deemed that the small number of transcripts were produced by mis-splicing from the same loci and the CENH3 comprises an open reading frame (ORF) of length 537 bp encoding a predicted 178-amino acid (Aa) protein.
Similar(54)
Finer alignments and detection of frameshifts were carried out by inspection of predictable ORFs with eukaryotic start and stop codons and by performing pairwise translation alignments with ORFs from the WSSV genomes in MACSE v. 0.9b1 [ 26].
Sequences of each of the 11 ribosomal protein genes were aligned individually using default settings in Muscle 3.8 (Edgar, 2004) and were realigned by predicted translation; alignments were manually refined and stop-codon sites removed.
Moreover the typically applied Fast Fourier Transform FFTT) based translational alignment can only approximate best translations at the resolution of the unit voxels.
Consequently, we used the translated alignment computed by MACSE, rather than the alignment of the official NCBI translations.
Existing alleles were translation-aligned between start (alignment start) and stop (alignment end) codons, those containing a frameshift or stop codon were removed, and the modal consensus sequence was exported.
Related(20)
localization alignment
translation correlation
conversion alignment
translation orientation
alignment alignment
translation agreement
translation direction
expression alignment
translation route
translation coordination
translation adjustment
transcript alignment
translation modulation
timing alignment
translation explication
translation None
translation amnesty
translation pig
translation matter
translation feature
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