Sentence examples for stochastic divergence from inspiring English sources

In reality, this coincides with the "stochastic divergence" case liable to comparison with the initial deterministic divergence case.

This pattern suggests that geographic variation in hue likely has evolved via a Fisherian mechanism, beginning with a period of stochastic divergence [ 8].

Ecological selection appears to have also influenced the evolution of tail length as a signal, but has played a limited role in shaping geographic variation in plumage color, consistent with stochastic divergence in concert with Fisherian selection on this trait.

For example, Prum [ 10] found that the explosive radiation of sexual signals in Neotropical manakins (Family: Pipridae) is consistent with a stochastic divergence followed by Fisherian sexual selection with little direct or indirect influence of ecology.

In contrast, traits subject to stochastic divergence in concert with sexual selection should not be correlated with environmental variation, but should instead exhibit geographic variation that is better explained by geographic distance, with greater distance signifying more time to accumulate stochastic variation (i.e., isolation by distance) [ 19].

To better capture stochastic variance in time depths of genealogies, which applies here to both polymorphism and divergence, all three methods were applied to data sets for which loci were sampled with replacement within recombination class.

Thus, the low divergence within the D. simulans complex at fourth chromosome loci could simply reflect stochastic variance in the ancestral population; it could be coincidental that ase, located at the tip of the X chromosome, also shows low divergence within the complex.

As expected from the relatively low number of available sites per gene and the associated stochastic influence on divergence estimates, the difference between dAR and d S was largest for genes with high estimates of dAR (fig. 2).

The tree of life is significantly less balanced than expected under a stochastic process of lineage divergence and extinction [ 1] - some lineages are diverse whereas others are species-poor.

For a stochastic time series the divergence plot is flat and the Lyapunov exponent is zero, and for a non-chaotic time series in which trajectories converge, the exponent is negative.

The expected form of an age distribution of LTR elements is a function of both the birth death dynamics over time and the stochastic accumulation of sequence divergence between paired-end sequences.