Sentence examples for maximum electron concentration from inspiring English sources

Fig. 2. Same as Fig. 1 except for F2 layer maximum electron concentration.

In contrast to h m F2, the model results remarkably portrayed the trends in the maximum electron concentration for all seasons.

In spite of many years of investigations of effects of geomagnetic storms on the F region ionosphere, still many open questions remain, one of them being the pre-storm enhancements of NmF2, the maximum electron concentration in the ionosphere.

A simple semi-empirical model to determine the maximum electron concentration in the ionosphere (NmF2) for South American locations is used to calculate NmF2 for a northern hemisphere station in the same longitude sector.

At present, the scenario is formed by essentially mutually consistent trends in the mesospheric temperature, electron concentration in the lower ionosphere, E region, F1 region, and F2 region; height of maximum electron concentration in the E region and F2 region; the thermospheric neutral density; F-region ion; and electron temperatures.

The overall model error is estimated using normalized root-mean-square error for maximum height, maximum electron concentration, and propagation factor following the example of Pawlowski et al. (2008): (3)where E is normalized RMS error, the ⟨⟩ symbolizes taking a mean, F and observational data.

As can be seen, between local midnight and 1000 local time the modeled height of the maximum electron concentrations closely followed their experimental behaviour.

Figure 5 gives a direct comparison of the data and the model results of maximum electron concentrations for March (top left panel), June (top right panel), September (lower left panel), and December (lower right panel).

Reaction time scales and concentration were found to be in direct relation with electron density and reached their respective highest values (concentration of H2, CH2= 16moles/m3 and τreaction ≅ 10−2 s) at maximum electron density (1021 m−3).

The maximum electron density is about 1.2 × 1018 m-3.

The maximum electron volume density (number of electrons in a unit of volume) 3 m−3 is reached in the v2 layer near the subsolar point.