which were estimated

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "which were estimated" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to values, quantities, or assessments that have been calculated or approximated in some way. Example: "The costs of the project, which were estimated to be around $50,000, exceeded our initial budget."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

This model is based on kinetic parameters, which were estimated in earlier work.

Chemical Engineering Science

The best conditions which were estimated then applied for the analysis of BTEX compounds in the real samples.

Journal of Chromatography A

The DDGS CTTAD CP, EE, and DM, which were estimated from regression analyses, were 0.76, 0.63, and 0.59, respectively.

Animal Feed Science and Technology

But the child's legal backers were required to pay 80% of the Mail's legal costs, which were estimated at £200,000.

The Guardian

Full-year profits, which were estimated to be about €107m, will now be as much as 21% down, with Mecom forecasting between €85 and €95m.

The Guardian

His purchase secured the future of the two titles which were estimated to have lost a combined £12m a year under their former owners.

The Guardian

The developer was to have paid the cost of the terminal renovations, which were estimated at $400 million or more.

The New York Times

Most extant genera diverged before 130 mya, with the exception of Anopheles and Ochlerotatus, which were estimated to have first appeared around 51 and 48 mya respectively.

Nature

The system consisted of either symmetrical or unsymmetrical potentials of diffuse double layers which were estimated by differential capacitance measurements.

Chemical Engineering Science

Motivational strength was assessed using elasticity of demand functions, which were estimated based on the number of rewards earned and FR.

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

Two types of distances were included, local (road) and international (freight ship), which were estimated based on the area of the country of study.

Data in Brief

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "which were estimated", ensure the context clearly indicates the method or basis for the estimation to provide clarity and credibility.

Common error

Avoid using "which were estimated" without specifying how the estimation was done, as this can lead to ambiguity and weaken your statement. Always provide context or reference the method used.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which were estimated" functions as a relative clause, providing additional information about a noun phrase. Ludwig AI confirms its grammatical correctness, and examples illustrate how it modifies nouns by specifying their approximate or calculated values.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

64%

News & Media

26%

Encyclopedias

4%

Less common in

Wiki

2%

Formal & Business

2%

Social Media

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "which were estimated" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase, as validated by Ludwig AI, functioning as a relative clause to provide additional information about quantities or values. It's commonly found in scientific and news contexts. The phrase implies an approximation or calculation, and clarity is enhanced when the estimation method is specified. While alternatives like "that were calculated" or "that were approximated" exist, the best choice depends on the specific nuance you wish to convey.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

which had been calculated

Highlights the numerical computation aspect more explicitly.

that were determined

Focuses on the act of finding a precise value or result.

that had been assessed

Emphasizes the evaluation or judgment aspect rather than direct calculation.

that were approximated

Focuses on the inexact or approximate nature of the calculation.

previously quantified

Specifically refers to the process of expressing something numerically.

that have been valued

Implies the assignment of a monetary or qualitative value.

that got evaluated

Highlights the fact that evaluation happened in the past.

that have been figured out

Emphasizes the problem-solving aspect of the estimation process.

ascertained values

Highlights the effort to discover something with certainty.

previously judged

Refers to a prior evaluation, emphasizing subjectivity.

FAQs

How can I use "which were estimated" in a sentence?

Use "which were estimated" to refer to values or quantities that have been calculated or approximated. For example: "The project costs, "which were estimated" at $1 million, were significantly exceeded."

What are some alternatives to "which were estimated"?

You can use phrases like "that were calculated", "that were approximated", or "that were determined" depending on the context.

Is it always necessary to specify the method when using "which were estimated"?

While not always mandatory, specifying the method or basis of estimation adds credibility and clarity. If the estimation method is well-known or understood in the context, it may not be necessary to specify it explicitly.

What's the difference between "which were estimated" and "which were assessed"?

"Which were estimated" implies a numerical calculation or approximation, while "which were assessed" suggests an evaluation or judgment. The choice depends on whether you're referring to a calculation or an evaluation.