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Exact(17)
Invadopodia are actin-rich structures that are formed on the ventral membrane of the cell and degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) by accumulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP).
This anchor zone is further surrounded by randomly oriented cortical-membranal actin fibers that are found throughout the entire cytoplasmic face of the ventral membrane (Fig 1C, D).
The osteoclast cell body was mechanically removed, leaving only the cell ventral membrane attached to the substrate, with its adhesive apparatus and the associated cytoskeleton intact.
The exclusive co-localization of paxillin and actin at sites in close proximity with the ventral membrane suggests a direct interaction between podosome-associated actin and the plaque.
Interestingly, the density of fibers docking the structure to the ventral membrane is much higher on the side of the ring facing the outer plaque, relative to the inner side.
From individual structures, scattered throughout the cell ventral membrane, via ordered clusters, they develop rings, which extend towards the cell periphery, merge with neighboring rings and eventually stabilize, forming a belt of podosomes or further condensing into a sealing zone-like structure [21].
Similar(43)
Chun described the membranes on the arms in detail, stating that "The arms bear dorsal and ventral membranes.
Ventral membranes, double-labeled for actin and paxillin were first examined by light microscopy, then critical-point dried and examined by SEM.
The ventral membranes of these cells are characterized by a highly convoluted membrane around the cell center, distinctly different from that found in cells growing on glass or EM grids (Fig 4C arrowhead).
To obtain a quantitative molecular insight into the organization of podosomes and podosome super-structures we have correlated fluorescence labeling patterns of ventral membranes by using light microscopy and high resolution SEM performed on the same samples.
Staining of such ventral membranes with anti-Eps15 antibodies showed the typical coated pit pattern and colocalization with clathrin and α-adaptin [ 11].
Related(20)
abdominal membrane
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ventral intrusion
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