Sentence examples for multiple duplications in from inspiring English sources

Closely related to each other, exons B and A were found in all species, B as a single copy exon, while exon A underwent multiple duplications in several lineages (Figure 1A).

Even within the genus Caenorhabditis, detailed locus-specific studies have shown that there are marked differences for some categories of defense genes, including the inducible nlp and cnc genes, which have undergone multiple duplications in C. elegans compared to C. remanei or C. brenneri [12].

EPIYA motifs are often diverged through multiple duplications in each bacterial effector.

First, an ancestral single copy Type IIa-1 gene may have undergone multiple duplications in the lamprey lineage in conjunction with independent duplications in the common ancestor of jawed vertebrates.

Some of the genes we found are present as perfect or almost perfect multiple duplications in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 11 and it is difficult in these cases to establish whether they represent expressed genes (see also below).

They rather suggest that the regions containing the ancestral trim16 and trim25 moved apart in the early fish evolution and were kept as synteny groups on two different chromosomes while most fintrims appeared and differentiated by multiple duplications in the fish lineages.

It is quite significant that, in spite of multiple duplication in the lineage from nematodes to arthropods, ABC membrane transporters are non-redundantly required for RNAi function.

Since clear homologues of Obox genes are not present in primates, nor other mammals, we suggest that the Obox gene family emerged specifically in rodents after the divergence of primates and rodents with further multiple duplications resulting in the tandem organization of Obox in murine genomes [ 22].

Also, the homogenizing effect of gene conversion is not taken into account in current approaches, and therefore the existence of recent pairs of copies within species would have been inferred as multiple duplications occurring in each species, rather than ancestrally inherited copies maintained by gene conversion (consistent with existing knowledge of bdelloid genomes).

We hypothesize that this reduction may be associated with a different sub-functionalization history of the multiple duplications that occurred in this gene family after the divergence of the wheat and rice lineages.

In this study, multiple duplication events in brittle star r-opsins would suggest a strong ecological importance of these opsins in the biology of these organisms.