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Two kinds of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms are recognized: free-living (non-symbiotic) bacteria, including the cyanobacteria (or blue-green algae) Anabaena and Nostoc and genera such as Azotobacter, Beijerinckia, and Clostridium; and mutualistic (symbiotic) bacteria such as Rhizobium, associated with leguminous plants, and various Azospirillum species, associated with cereal grasses.
These microorganisms are recognized as the major hospital-acquired pathogens that cause severe infections such as pneumonia, septicaemia, urinary tract infections and surgical site infections.
In contrast, most of the anaerobic microorganisms are recognized to produce an array of hydrolytic enzymes associated with the integrating subunit (scaffoldin), containing the CBM and forming cell-bound supramolecular complexes, cellulosomes [ 6].
Cell walls of pathogenic and commensal microorganisms are recognized by host receptors, such as nucleotide oligomerization domain proteins, peptidoglycan recognition proteins, Toll-like receptors and C-type lectin receptors, which, in turn, mediate the organism reaction to the invasion (11).
In normal skin, microorganisms are recognized by innate immune receptors such as Toll-like receptors on the keratinocyte surface and keratinocytes produce antimicrobial molecules such as HBD-2, HBD-3, and NO.
Through root or leaf interactions [ 21, 34], beneficial microorganisms are recognized by the plant, which results in a mild but effective activation of the plant immune responses in all tissues [ 35].
Similar(54)
Despite this fact, as the key reason of the "killing action" of high pressures on microorganisms is recognized the action on more complex structure, mainly the cell wall.
In the case of microorganisms, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by DCs via pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs).
Both Mycoplasma and Peptostreptococcus are recognized as significant pathogenic microorganisms due to their resistance to common antibacterial agents.
The latter term has been proposed since the molecular PAMP motifs, which are recognized by PRRs can also be shared by commensal microorganisms.
Further, oleaginous microorganisms have been cultivated on lignocellulosic sugars and the microbial lipid products are recognized as promising feedstock for the production of second-generation biodiesel [ 22- 26].
Related(20)
bodies are recognized
agencies are recognized
entities are recognized
plants are recognized
agents are recognized
pathogens are recognized
deposits are recognized
samples are recognized
bacteria are recognized
microorganisms are listed
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microorganisms are subjected
microorganisms are found
microorganisms are estimated
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microorganisms are known
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microorganisms are bound
microorganisms are characterized
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