Sentence examples for microbial stimulation of from inspiring English sources

In eight out of nine cases, differences between antibiotic and sham treated mice were nearly identical to differences between germ-free and conventional mice strongly suggesting that the altered gene expression profile is a consequence of the highly reduced microbial stimulation of the colonic IECs.

Recently, it has been shown that microbial stimulation of NKT cells in the gut of mice affects NKT cell phenotypic and functional maturation [ 57, 58].

Bacteria and inflammation due to microbial stimulation of Toll-like receptors have been associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression [ 22- 26].

The additional roles of symbiotic microbial stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the gut and training of systemic immunity are much less well understood, but they undoubtedly function in the triggering, maintenance and remission of inflammatory conditions.

The current data further support the notion that Wnt signaling is involved in orchestrating the immune response in response to microbial stimulation of innate immune cells of vertebrate origin.

Therefore, while genes are undoubtedly influencing the phenotype, other factors, such as microbial stimulation of the innate immune system, or even stochastic events, such as the formation of the T- and B-cell repertoires through random rearrangements in the TCR and Ig genes, might also be involved.

Objective Place of upbringing was used as a proxy for the level and diversity of microbial stimulation to investigate the effects on the prevalence of IBD in adulthood.

These observations strongly suggest that the early transcriptional program unfolding in the first hours after microbial stimulation occurs independently of H3K27me3 demethylation, although more data are required to make this conclusion definitive.

9, 10 After microbial stimulation, the concentration of α-defensins within the crypts is estimated to reach 10 mg/ml, which is more than sufficient for strong microbicidal action.

Animal models provide experimental evidence that changes in type and level of microbial stimulation can impact on disease outcome.

Our data demonstrate that exposure of human synovial fibroblasts to SAA promotes MSU-mediated caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion in the absence of microbial stimulation.