No bone marrow infiltration by abnormal cells was observed.
Open image in new window Fig. 9 Bone marrow infiltration patterns.
The mandibular cortical rim is mostly preserved although the lesion shows diffuse marrow infiltration.
Cancer was a predictor of early death, presumably related in part to leuconeutropenia imposed by chemotherapy or bone marrow infiltration.
In addition, periosteal reaction with soft tissue component and bone marrow infiltration was identified at both sites.
MM bone marrow infiltration is typically characterized by type 4 curves, and less frequently type 3 or 5 curves.
The bone marrow infiltration has to be high enough to result in a decrease in fat cells, detectable on conventional and diffusion weighted MRI (Fig 10) [10].
MRI remains the most sensitive and specific imaging method for the detection of bone marrow infiltration, before mineralized bone has been destroyed [8].
Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed lesions involving medulla and cortex, periosteal reaction with soft tissue component, and bone marrow infiltration in right humerus and left fibula.
As suggested in the literature, MRI provides superior visualisation of submucosal tumour extension and improved assessment of marrow infiltration compared with CT or CBCT [43].
Vardahanabuhuti et al. described how lesions can appear as bone marrow infiltration areas, "round, cannonball-like or intramedullary lesions"; lesions can reproduce a "starry sky appearance" [19].
