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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which validate that
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which validate that" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to evidence or data that confirms or supports a particular statement or claim. Example: "The results of the experiment are presented in the following tables, which validate that our hypothesis was correct."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
3 human-written examples
The experimental and numerical frequency response results match quite well, which validate that the two-dimensional periodic solid structure has a wide and deep phononic gap.
Compared with previous studies, the results of power generation cost of energy and wind farm efficiency are improved in the paper using MPGA which validate that MPGA works effectively in wind turbine layout optimization with wind farm.
The differential equations for displacements and electric potential are derived from the formulations, which validate that the description in curvilinear coordinates with the electrical and mechanical coupling induces the non-symmetry in generalized stiffness and then the dynamic asymmetry of piezoelectric structures.
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
57 human-written examples
He said: "The ballot which legitimates this strike is, I think, something like two years old and the turnout which validates that ballot was small.
News & Media
We could not find room for the "liver and onions," a winkingly named appetizer of caramelized foie gras with spring onion ice cream, because we were saving space for the lobster entree, which validated that decision.
News & Media
A very good correlation between the predicted thermostabilities of CS and optimal growth temperatures of their source organisms (R2 = 0.88, p = 0.017) is obtained, which validates that CNA is able to quantitatively discriminate between less and more thermostable proteins even within a series of orthologs.
Science
If the widespread attention to an emerging consumer audience by the biggest brands across North America represents a "coming-of-age" moment which validates that audience's contribution to business growth, then there is no question that Chinese consumers living in the U.S. and Canada have now "arrived".
News & Media
The false detection rates are below 0.05% in all cases, which validates that our cross-correlation method is feasible in practice.
After tagging the sequence of words in a document, those identified as class B or I are passed to a chemical entity parser which validates that the token is actually a chemical entity.
Science
In the full range of k from 0 to 1, q E of EPS is always smaller than q S of SPS, which validates that EPS can effectively reduce power reflow, compared with SPS.
Furthermore, a self-powered circuit which implements the technique (ASSH) is proposed, which validates that the new technique can be truly self-powered, thus addressing the issue of harvesting environmental energy by autonomous devices.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using the phrase "which validate that", ensure the "which" refers clearly to the preceding clause or statement, avoiding ambiguity.
Common error
Avoid using "that" instead of "which" when introducing a nonrestrictive clause. "Which" is used for nonessential information set off by commas, while "that" is for essential information.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which validate that" functions as a relative clause introducing information that confirms or supports a statement made in the main clause. The relative pronoun "which" refers back to a preceding noun or clause, adding further validation as suggested by Ludwig.
Frequent in
Science
67%
News & Media
33%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which validate that" introduces a relative clause that provides supporting evidence for a preceding statement. According to Ludwig's AI, the phrase is grammatically correct and most commonly found in scientific and news media contexts. The phrase functions to confirm or verify claims, and while acceptable, related phrases like "which confirm that" or "which demonstrate that" can offer nuanced alternatives depending on the specific context. When employing "which validate that", ensure clarity in its reference and accuracy in its application.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
which confirm that
Replaces "validate" with a more common synonym, making it slightly less formal.
which verify that
Offers a direct synonym for "validate", focusing on the act of checking accuracy.
which demonstrate that
Shifts the focus to the act of showing or proving something, rather than confirming.
which substantiate that
Emphasizes providing evidence to support a claim.
which corroborate that
Highlights the idea of strengthening or supporting a claim with additional evidence.
which prove that
Suggests a higher degree of certainty and conclusiveness.
which establish that
Focuses on firmly setting or creating a foundation for a fact or idea.
which support that
Provides a weaker level of confirmation or agreement.
which imply that
Suggests something without explicitly stating it, indicating a less direct validation.
which suggest that
Indicates a hint or possibility, providing the weakest form of validation.
FAQs
What is the difference between "which validate that" and "which validates that"?
The plural form "validate" is used when "which" refers to a plural antecedent, whereas the singular form "validates" is used with a singular antecedent. For example, "The results, which validate that the method is accurate..." versus "The result, which validates that the method is accurate...".
What are some alternatives to "which validate that" in academic writing?
In academic writing, you can use alternatives such as "which confirm that", "which demonstrate that", or "which substantiate that depending on the specific context and level of emphasis desired".
How can I use "which validate that" in a sentence?
Use "which validate that" to introduce a clause that provides evidence or confirmation for a previous statement. For example, "The experimental results align with the theoretical predictions, which validate that our initial assumptions were correct."
Is "which validate that" formal or informal?
The phrase "which validate that" is generally considered suitable for formal and scientific writing, where precise and evidence-based language is preferred. More casual alternatives might be used in informal contexts.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested