Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which substantiate that
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which substantiate that" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to evidence or information that supports a particular claim or statement. Example: "The research findings are presented in the report, which substantiate that the new method is more effective than the previous one."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
Migration of anthropogenic impact or dissolution and leaching of precipitated salts is also evident by the high SO42−/Cl− ratio in Cretaceous aquifers, which substantiate that there is some impact from agriculture return flows.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
6,7,8 and 9. Table 2 also shows that CMRP-1 outperforms CMRP-1/Fair when the users' demand becomes large, which substantiates that WLA performs better than that of the fair user allocation scheme.
We confirm that autoreactive T cell clone 1E6 can efficiently kill the beta cell lines that were HLA compatible, which substantiates that these beta cell lines can process and present PPI15 24 epitope from endogenously produced PPI to the immune system.
Science
Furthermore, we analyzed cyt. c release in MCFC3 cyt. c-EGFP cells using various concentration of PAC-1, which substantiated that cyt. c release was delayed significantly below 30 μM of PAC-1 concentration (Supplementary Figure S2a and b).
Science
Notably, the fraction of the auxin up-regulated genes among those with predicted AuxREP&S (10.7%) was higher than the respective fractions for AuxRESGA (10.3%) and AuxREPWM (9.8%), which substantiates that usage of two models based on different principles improves prediction (Table 1).
Science
In an 86-page report, released suddenly on Friday afternoon, the former integrity commissioner Philip Moss also found "no information which substantiates" claims that Save the Children workers on Nauru encouraged protests or acts of self-harm.
News & Media
The results which substantiate this study show that during applied excitation the pattern of the motion is changed into damped or limit-cycle oscillations having non-zero mean value.
This suggests that clonal expansion of RFP-PeriCT expressing cells is reduced, which substantiates the hypothesis that expression of RFP-PeriCT reduces cell proliferative potential.
Science
Besides the variation between manufacturers in collimation performance, these results demonstrate a considerable difference between phantom and human data for all cameras in the upper window SCu, which substantiates the hypothesis that the contribution of extra-brain activity is relevant.
Science
Adherence was much lower at home than away from home, which substantiates earlier studies that use subjective data (14).
Science
Furthermore, MLC2 showed increased phosphorylation, which substantiated the fact that 12(S -HETE induced the motility of LECS -HETE
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "which substantiate that", ensure the 'which' clause directly and clearly refers to the evidence or findings you are presenting.
Common error
Avoid ambiguity by placing the "which" clause as close as possible to the noun or idea it modifies. Ensure the sentence structure clearly shows what is being substantiated.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which substantiate that" functions as a relative clause introducing information that supports a preceding statement. It connects a claim with the evidence that validates it. Ludwig AI confirms its usability in written English.
Frequent in
Science
100%
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which substantiate that" is a grammatically correct relative clause used to introduce supporting evidence for a claim. While Ludwig AI identifies it as usable, it's relatively rare, primarily appearing in scientific contexts. Alternatives like "which confirm that" might be more common in general writing. When using "which substantiate that", ensure the sentence structure clearly links the clause to the statement being supported to avoid ambiguity. Given its formal tone, it is best suited for academic or technical writing where precision is key.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
which confirm that
Replaces "substantiate" with the more common "confirm", indicating a direct verification.
which demonstrate that
Emphasizes the act of showing or proving something through evidence.
which prove that
Suggests a conclusive and definitive establishment of truth.
which validate that
Highlights the act of confirming the accuracy or correctness of something.
which corroborate that
Implies strengthening or supporting a claim with additional evidence.
which support that
Offers a broader, less emphatic form of providing evidence.
that give credence to
Shifts the focus to the believability or plausibility of the claim.
that bear out
Suggests that something is proven to be correct after a period of examination.
that lend weight to
Emphasizes the strengthening of the argument through additional information.
that attest to
Highlights the providing of a formal statement of truth.
FAQs
How can I use "which substantiate that" in a sentence?
Use "which substantiate that" to introduce a clause that provides evidence or support for a previously stated claim. For example: "The experimental results are consistent, "which substantiate that" the hypothesis is correct."
What are some alternatives to "which substantiate that"?
You can use alternatives such as "which confirm that", "which demonstrate that", or "which prove that" depending on the nuance you want to convey.
Is it more formal to say "which substantiate that" or "which confirm that"?
"Which substantiate that" is generally considered more formal than "which confirm that". "Substantiate" carries a more academic or legal tone, while "confirm" is more widely used in everyday language.
What's the difference between "which substantiates" and "which substantiate that"?
"Which substantiates" typically introduces a clause that directly supports a noun or idea, while "which substantiate that" introduces a clause that supports an entire statement or claim. The presence of "that" makes the latter more explicit in its connection to the preceding clause.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested