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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which outcomes in
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which outcomes in" is not correct in standard written English.
It seems to be a misphrasing; the correct expression would typically be "which results in" or "which leads to." Example: "The new policy was implemented, which results in improved employee satisfaction."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(20)
thus generating
that cause
which lead to
that give rise to
which outcome in
which has led to
consequently causing
that determine
which achievement in
which leads to
that produce
which performance in
which success in
that generate
that contribute to
that lead to
with the effect of
because of
that bring about
that leads to
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
4 human-written examples
It is identified that the rise in biosorbent concentration caused in an increase in percent biosorption of phenol and cyanide due to the more availability of the surface area or transferable active sites, but reduced the biosorption due to the incomplete accumulation or overlapping of biosorbent, which outcomes in a reduction in active surface area for the biosorption.
Science
The pharmaceutical industry funded 80% of the RCTS we identified, and so it is not surprising that the frequency with which outcomes in the disease activity domain have been measured as primary or secondary outcomes reflects, to some extent, the requirements of the FDA [22], [23] and EMEA [24] [27].
Science
Certainly positive feedback is desirable, yet the true measure of a successful course is the extent to which outcomes – in this case knowledge -- improve.
A commonly available type of non-randomized study is the single-arm observational study, or before-and-after study [ 14], in which outcomes in a group of patients are investigated before and after an intervention.
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
56 human-written examples
For genetic risk prediction studies, the objectives should specify which models are investigated for the prediction of which outcome in which population and setting.
The mechanism by which outcome in critically ill patients might be influenced by the early initiation of nutritional support and the route of delivery of the nutrition is not well understood.
Science
"Probably the most important characteristic [of vulnerable individuals] is openness to experiences in which outcomes cannot be known in advance," Stolorow said.
News & Media
This observation is in agreement with a recent study in which outcomes that preceded behavioral adjustment in a probabilistic learning task did not induce a FRN [62].
Science
In this study, we aimed to identify which outcomes were measured in recent orthodontic trials and to explore whether any relevant outcome domains were underrepresented.
Situations in which outcomes of clinical studies are conflicting often arise in the field of obstetrics.
Science
In addition there may be differences in which outcomes were measured and reported.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When describing cause-and-effect relationships, opt for clearer phrasings such as "which leads to" or "which results in" to enhance clarity and grammatical correctness.
Common error
Avoid using "which outcomes in"; instead, recognize that "outcome" is the result, not the cause. Use verbs like "result" or "lead" to connect causes and effects correctly.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which outcomes in" functions as a relative clause intended to express a cause-and-effect relationship. However, as Ludwig AI indicates, it is grammatically incorrect. Proper usage requires a verb like "result" or "lead" to connect the cause and the outcome.
Frequent in
Science
67%
News & Media
33%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which outcomes in" is grammatically incorrect. While it appears in various sources, particularly in scientific and news contexts, it should be replaced with clearer and more accurate alternatives like "which result in" or "which leads to". As Ludwig AI points out, using the correct phrasing ensures better clarity and grammatical correctness, enhancing the overall quality of writing. When describing causal relationships, prioritize precise language to avoid ambiguity and maintain professionalism.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
which result in
Replaces "outcomes in" with the verb "result", creating a more direct and grammatically correct clause.
which leads to
Similar to "which result in", but emphasizes the causal relationship and direction of the outcome.
that cause
Focuses on the causative aspect, replacing "outcomes in" with a direct verb.
that produce
Emphasizes the generation of outcomes, substituting the prepositional phrase.
which generate
Uses the verb generate to indicate the creation of specific results or consequences.
which bring about
Emphasizes the act of causing outcomes to occur.
that trigger
Suggests that specific results directly activate subsequent effects.
that give rise to
Focuses on the creation or initiation of something new.
that determine
Indicates that the focus is on elements that define or control the end result.
which dictate
Suggests an element that controls what the outcome will be.
FAQs
What are some alternatives to "which outcomes in"?
You can use alternatives like "which result in", "which leads to", or "that cause" depending on the context.
How can I use "which result in" correctly in a sentence?
For example, instead of saying "the policy, which outcomes in better results", say "the policy, which result in better results".
What is the difference between "which outcomes in" and "which results in"?
"Which outcomes in" is grammatically incorrect. The correct phrase is "which results in", indicating a cause-and-effect relationship.
Is "which outcomes in" considered proper English?
No, "which outcomes in" is not considered proper English. Use alternatives such as "which leads to" or "which results in" for correct usage.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested