which has affected

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "which has affected" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something has had an impact or influence on a subject or situation. Example: "The recent policy changes, which have affected many employees, were implemented last month."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

All of which has affected communications.

The New York Times

Nor is the shaky economy, which has affected many trustees' pocketbooks.

The New York Times - Arts

Mentally I've had a lot going on which has affected me in the head".

Independent

"We'll be talking about politics, and, of course, the bad economy, which has affected our own family," Ms. Hernandez said.

The New York Times

On March 20 , 1999 he learned he had diabetes, which has affected his ability to train vigorously for sustained periods.

The New York Times - Sports

Shoppers coming into London also had to contend with a tube strike, which has affected most routes.

The Guardian

LaHood's statement aggravated the controversy around Toyota's unprecedented recall, which has affected 2m cars in Europe alone.

The Guardian - Business

Another possible culprit is avian cholera, which has affected seabirds on nearby Marion and Amsterdam Islands, including some king penguins.

The Guardian

I have achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism, which has affected my family for three generations.

The Washington Post

Complicating all of this is the housing downturn, which has affected the largest asset in many portfolios.

The New York Times

Those factors include the unavailability of players – 13 of them this time – which has affected every one of the tournaments.

Independent

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "which has affected", ensure the 'which' clause is nonrestrictive and set off by commas. This indicates that the information is additional but not essential to the sentence's core meaning.

Common error

Avoid using "that" instead of "which" when introducing a nonrestrictive clause. "Which" is appropriate when the clause provides extra, non-essential information, while "that" is used for essential clauses.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which has affected" functions as a relative clause, providing additional information about a preceding noun or noun phrase. It describes the impact or influence of something on a particular subject. Ludwig AI confirms its proper usage in various contexts.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

43%

Science

30%

Academia

12%

Less common in

Formal & Business

7%

Wiki

5%

Reference

3%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "which has affected" is a versatile phrase used to introduce nonrestrictive clauses that provide extra information about the impact or influence of something. As Ludwig AI confirms, it is grammatically correct and commonly used across various reputable sources, including news media, scientific publications, and academic writings. When using this phrase, ensure the 'which' clause is correctly punctuated with commas and that 'which' is not mistakenly replaced with 'that'. Consider alternatives like "that has impacted" or "which has influenced" to diversify your writing. The high frequency and broad applicability of this phrase make it a valuable tool for expressing cause and effect in various contexts.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

that has impacted

Uses 'impacted' instead of 'affected', offering a more forceful sense of influence.

which has influenced

Replaces 'affected' with 'influenced', suggesting a more subtle effect.

that has altered

Substitutes 'affected' with 'altered', emphasizing a change in something.

which has caused

Indicates direct causation rather than general influence.

that has determined

Uses 'determined' to show that something has decisively influenced an outcome.

which has shaped

Replaces 'affected' with 'shaped', implying a significant influence on the form or character of something.

that has changed

More general than 'affected', simply indicating a change has occurred.

which has modified

Suggests a slight alteration, less drastic than 'affected'.

that has transformed

Implies a more radical change than 'affected'.

which has impacted upon

A more formal and somewhat redundant version using 'impacted upon'.

FAQs

How do I use "which has affected" in a sentence?

Use "which has affected" to introduce a nonrestrictive clause that adds extra information about the noun it modifies. For example, "The new policy, "which has affected" many employees, will be reviewed next year."

What can I say instead of "which has affected"?

You can use alternatives like "that has impacted", "which has influenced", or "that has altered" depending on the context.

Is it correct to say "that has affected" instead of "which has affected"?

While both can be grammatically correct, "which has affected" is generally used for nonrestrictive clauses (additional, non-essential information set off by commas), whereas "that has affected" is more common for restrictive clauses (essential information).

What's the difference between "which has affected" and "which has caused"?

"Which has affected" implies a broader influence or impact, while "which has caused" suggests a direct causal relationship. The choice depends on the specific meaning you want to convey.