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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
undertaken
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "undertaken" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to indicate that a task or project has been started or is in progress. Example: "The research project has been undertaken by a team of experts in the field."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Formal & Business
Science
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
A spokesperson for QUB's communications office said on Friday: "Following the completion of a comprehensive risk assessment, undertaken in line with approved protocols, the university is pleased to confirm that the Charlie Hebdo Research Symposium, organised by the Institute for Collaborative Research in the Humanities, has been approved".
News & Media
"The more extravagant vision of the ship floating at sea for weeks is I think an unnecessary vision with my understanding that government lawyers have now undertaken to get this ship of asylum seekers to a destination within the next couple of days, and we have to accept that in good faith".
News & Media
In other words: we do not, as yet, have an adequate response mechanism, an ability to eliminate the threat of terrorism the way decisive steps undertaken by the British SAS, the German GSG-9 and other units succeeded in reducing the number of cases involving hijacked aircraft to almost nil.
News & Media
It seems there will be no reprieve from the "relay-race", a journey undertaken by far too many women before them, and one that must surely confirm the gloomier predictions about Putin's Russia.
News & Media
By contrast, the so-called "balance of competences" review – hailed by William Hague in 2012 as the "most extensive analysis of the impact of UK membership of the EU ever undertaken" – found no area with a case for transferring powers back from Brussels.
News & Media
Campaigners have set off this week on a relay that will begin in Melbourne and end at Nhulunbuy in the Northern Territory, an event inspired by the long walk undertaken by AFL footballer Michael Long in 2004.
News & Media
A peer review, according to the DWP guidance for employees, must be undertaken when suicide is associated with DWP activity to ensure that any DWP action or involvement with the person was appropriate and procedurally correct.
News & Media
A poll undertaken by IMRG (Interactive Media in Retail Group) – a community of e-retailers including Amazon, Tesco and other big names – suggested that 60% of them have full contingency measures in place to safeguard delivery of packets and parcels.
News & Media
The MPs' report follows a short inquiry undertaken amid public concern that sanctions were being imposed inappropriately, causing hardship, destitution and ill-health, and routinely forcing jobseekers to rely on food banks to survive.
News & Media
She joined the Guardian as a writer in 1997 and has since undertaken numerous roles, including editor of Weekend magazine, features editor, and Saturday editor.
News & Media
Random nutritional surveys of children aged from birth to nine-years-old are being undertaken at health clinics and primary schools to determine whether malnutrition has spiked.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "undertaken", ensure the subject clearly identifies who or what performed the action. For example: 'The study was undertaken by researchers at the university'.
Common error
Avoid using "undertaken" in overly passive constructions that obscure who performed the action. Instead of 'It was undertaken', specify 'The team undertaken the study'.
Source & Trust
89%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The primary grammatical function of "undertaken" is that of a past participle. As Ludwig AI states, it is typically used in passive voice constructions (e.g., 'the study was undertaken') or in perfect tenses (e.g., 'has undertaken').
Frequent in
News & Media
50%
Formal & Business
25%
Science
25%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "undertaken" is the past participle of the verb "undertake", signifying that a task or action has been commenced and carried out. According to Ludwig AI, this term is grammatically correct and suitable for use in written English. "Undertaken" frequently appears in news and media, formal business contexts, and scientific publications. While alternatives like "carried out" or "conducted" exist, "undertaken" often lends a more formal tone. Thus, it's essential to ensure the context aligns with the term's formality to maintain clarity and precision in writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
carried out
Replaces "undertaken" with a more direct and commonly used phrase for performing a task.
conducted
Similar to "undertaken" but often used in the context of experiments, surveys or investigations.
performed
A general term for carrying out an action or task.
executed
Implies a more formal and often planned completion of a task.
implemented
Focuses on putting a plan or system into effect.
pursued
Suggests actively working towards completing an aim.
engaged in
Emphasizes involvement or participation in an activity.
effected
Indicates bringing about a result or change.
prosecuted
Implies carrying out a plan typically with legal implication.
administered
Describes formally managing and carrying out an action.
FAQs
How is "undertaken" used in a sentence?
"Undertaken" is the past participle of "undertake", meaning to commit to or begin a task. It's typically used in the passive voice or perfect tenses, like: "The research was "undertaken" by a team of scientists" or "She has "undertaken" several major projects this year".
What are some alternatives to "undertaken"?
Depending on the context, you could use alternatives like "carried out", "conducted", "performed", or "executed".
What is the difference between "undertaken" and "undertook"?
"Undertaken" is the past participle, used in perfect tenses (e.g., 'has undertaken') or passive constructions (e.g., 'was undertaken'). "Undertook" is the simple past tense (e.g., 'She "undertook" the project last year').
Is it more formal to use "undertaken"?
Yes, "undertaken" is generally considered more formal than simpler alternatives like "did" or "carried out". It's often preferred in academic, professional, and news contexts.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
89%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested