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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
owing to rounding
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "owing to rounding" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to explain that a particular result or figure is affected by the process of rounding numbers. Example: "The final total was adjusted to $100, owing to rounding in the calculations."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
12 human-written examples
§Numbers may not add up owing to rounding.
Science
The estimated treatment differences are 0.1 (95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.1) for body mass index (owing to rounding errors, this is larger than the crude difference), −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.1) mm for triceps skinfold thickness, and 10.0 (9.4 to 10.5) for verbal IQ.
Science
Owing to rounding, the corresponding percentage figures sometimes might not total exactly to 100%.
Encyclopedias
Percentages may not add up to 100% owing to rounding.
Science
Total of percentages may not equal 100% owing to rounding.
Science
Column percentages may not sum to 100 owing to rounding.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
48 human-written examples
A spot of good news for them today, though: they've closed an £8 million Series A (~$10.3M at current exchange rates, but closer to $11.2M when they closed the round — owing to Brexit's impact on the value of the pound), topping up the £800,000 in seed funding they had previously raised, including funding taken in via the Techstars/Barclays Accelerator program which they went through last year.
News & Media
However, owing to the repeated survey rounds, all heads of departments were included in the study at least once.
However, it is perhaps more likely that 'violence directly related to the conflict' increases the risk for anxiety-related symptoms rather than the other way round, owing to its conceptual coherence and substantial evidence that conflict-related violence increases risk for anxiety disorders [ 14].
Science
Fabio didn't make it through round one, owing to his inability to get his ball into his basket.
News & Media
The cyclic rate of fire was 450 rounds per minute, but the practical rate was between 250 and 320 rounds per minute owing to the need to reload magazines.
Wiki
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "owing to rounding" when you need to explicitly state that discrepancies in data or calculations arise from the process of rounding numbers. This adds a layer of transparency and acknowledges potential minor inaccuracies.
Common error
Avoid using "owing to rounding" as a catch-all explanation for every discrepancy in data. Ensure that rounding is genuinely the primary cause, rather than other factors like measurement errors or data entry mistakes.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "owing to rounding" functions as a causal adverbial phrase. It modifies a clause or sentence to indicate that the preceding statement is a consequence of the mathematical operation of rounding. Ludwig shows that this phrase is often used to explain minor discrepancies in data.
Frequent in
Science
70%
Encyclopedias
15%
News & Media
10%
Less common in
Wiki
5%
Formal & Business
0%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "owing to rounding" is a correct and common way to explain small discrepancies in numerical data resulting from the rounding process. As confirmed by Ludwig, it's frequently employed in scientific and academic writing to maintain transparency and manage expectations of precision. While there are alternative phrases like "due to rounding" and "because of rounding", "owing to rounding" maintains a more formal and technical tone. When using this phrase, make sure that discrepancies is genuinely related to rounding, and not other factors. The phrase is well-regarded for its clarity and is generally considered grammatically sound.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
due to rounding
This is a direct synonym, substituting "owing to" with "due to" while keeping the meaning identical.
because of rounding
Replaces the phrase with a more common and slightly less formal alternative using "because of".
attributable to rounding
A more formal and precise alternative that emphasizes the cause-and-effect relationship.
caused by rounding
A straightforward and clear way to indicate the cause.
resulting from rounding
Focuses on the outcome or consequence of the rounding process.
as a result of rounding
Similar to "resulting from", but slightly more verbose.
a consequence of rounding
Highlights that the rounding is the cause of some effect.
on account of rounding
A less common but still valid alternative to "owing to".
due to approximation
This phrase broadens the scope from rounding to any kind of approximation.
because of numerical approximation
Similar to 'due to approximation' but explicitly names the approximation type
FAQs
How can I use "owing to rounding" in a sentence?
You can use "owing to rounding" to explain why totals might not perfectly align, such as "The percentages do not add up to 100%, owing to rounding" or "The slight difference in the calculated values is owing to rounding".
What are some alternatives to "owing to rounding"?
Alternatives include "due to rounding", "because of rounding", or "attributable to rounding". The best choice depends on the context and level of formality.
Is it always necessary to explain discrepancies caused by rounding?
While not always mandatory, it's good practice, especially in technical or academic writing, to acknowledge that minor discrepancies are "owing to rounding". This promotes transparency and avoids potential confusion.
What's the difference between "owing to rounding" and "due to rounding"?
The phrases "owing to rounding" and "due to rounding" are essentially synonymous and can be used interchangeably. "Owing to" is slightly more formal, but both convey the same meaning.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested