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Exact(6)
This tradeoff could be overcome by simultaneous introduction of separate mutations that improved mating efficiency alongside those that improved discrimination.
Utilizing structural information, we have designed and generated a number of rational BMP-7 mutations that improved both expression levels in mammalian cells and solubility at neutral pH, while limiting the amino-terminal heterogeneity of the mature protein.
We found evidence that the clade in which Cit+ would eventually evolve had previously evolved a suite of mutations that improved the utilization of acetate.
However, there are counterexamples where improved tolerance does not lead to an increase in biofuel production, for example Atsumi et al. identified mutations that improved isobutanol-tolerance in E. coli.
As mouse and human neprilysin share a high sequence homology (94%) we postulated that the same two mutations that improved the activity of human neprilysin for amyloid-β would have a similar effect on the mouse molecule.
That the reproductive function shows a slower decrease with age in populations 1 and 3 than in the ancestor suggests the fixation of mutations that improved performance of stalked cells late in life even more than their performance early in life.
Similar(54)
Finally, mutations that improve the fit to one environment may dis-improve the fit to another: specializing may come with a cost.
In other words, do the mutations that improve performance in the tough environment come with a fitness cost in the relaxed one, and if so, how large a cost is it?
Directed evolution identified two point mutations that improve affinity to 180 pM.
Furthermore, mutations that improve the simulated integration efficiency likewise increase the experimentally observed expression levels.
Mutations that improve the activity of the PAI-2 signal sequence and that convert the N-terminal regions of maspin and PI-10 into efficient signal sequences have been characterized.
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