Sentence examples for mutations and mutational from inspiring English sources

In this review, we summarize recent whole genome and/or whole exome genomic studies, and then put these findings in the context of genetic hallmarks of somatic mutations and mutational processes in human osteosarcoma.

Virologic outcome based on baseline minority variants is likely multifactorial, and is not simply based on presence or absence of a mutation or a simple mutation percentage, as some mutations and mutational loads likely can be suppressed by specific regimens, in this case a boosted PI regimen [31] [33].

In line with this finding, stratification for different types of mutations and mutational subgroups generally revealed slightly increased HRs (for details see Table 3).

This can increase the chance of unwanted off-target effects as well as on-target mutations and mutational mosaicism in independent cells of embryos, leading to multiple mutant alleles in following generations and potentially complicating further analyses.

The method proved robust, with minimal variability in predicted mutations and mutational rates of human DNA when different random selected samples were analyzed (Additional file 6: Table S3) or on comparison of mammalian genomic DNA and RNA datasets where selection pressures are expected to be similar between species (Table  1; Figure  5).

This was then further separated into two measurements, total mutational burden (all mutations) and expressed mutational burden (the number of amino acid changes in the MT-ND1 cDNA from each amplified region; see Fig. 1).

We do acknowledge, however, that finding the simplest combination of context-dependent mutations and associated mutational rates that fits the observational data is not necessarily the actual underlying biological process.

Because selection experiments start from a fixed material (i.e. homozygous at all loci), the only source of genetic variance that can be used by selection comes from new mutations and the mutational heritability can be estimated directly from the slope of the response to selection [ 32, 33].

Sequencing of the UV-induced lacZ′ mutants provided mutation spectra and mutational hot spots for the various UV regions.

Three days after transient transfection of the [GT/CA]19 construct, plasmids were recovered from HCT116 cells and analyzed for mutation frequency and mutational specificity.

Results presented here evidenced biological differences between the two independent sporadic MPNSTs and the two NF1 MPNSTs developed in the same patient, in terms of genomic composition, mutation frequency and mutational signatures, immunohistochemical characterization, and gene expression, although the number of tumors and models analyzed here is still too low to drive any conclusion.