Sentence examples for mutation rate required from inspiring English sources

The results for the four cases below are presented in terms of two key model outputs: (1) relative tumorigenic efficiency of mutator vs. non-mutator pathways, Nrel, and (2) the minimum fold increase in mutation rate required from a mutator mutation before the mutator pathway has a relative tumorigenic efficiency greater than or equal to 1, termed α50%.

The more strongly a given collection of genes contributes to the fitness of an organism, the higher the mutation rate required to induce loss of functionality in those genes via genetic drift.

Diversification of the corresponding genes occurs despite the exceedingly low overall mutation rate required to maintain genome integrity [ 2].

Moreover, fathers' radiation exposure was considered to be insufficient to cause the mutation rate required for the number of cases observed (Evans, 1990; Doll et al, 1994; Wakeford et al, 1994).

However, there are certainly mutations that are novel to derived strains of D. melanogaster, and given a specific scenario of the population expansion out of Africa, it may be possible to theoretically estimate the beneficial mutation rate required to produce such a depression of X-linked polymorphism and assess whether such estimates are biologically plausible.

Calculating mutation rates requires to first estimate the mean number of mutations per culture (m) under the assumptions of a Luria-Delbrück distribution model (Lea and Coulson 1949).

The items assess: (i) the minimum perceived mutation carrier rate required to make TFGT worthwhile; and (ii) how much women would be willing to pay for such a test.

However, in order to confidently conclude transmission, knowledge of the mutation rate is required.

To estimate the divergence between lineages a well-supported mutation rate is required.

In order to make a judgment about whether direct transmission has taken place using whole genome sequencing data, knowledge of the mutation rate is required.

When these parameters are used in a graphic model of revertant colony development, they demonstrate that no increase in mutation rate is required to explain the number and delayed appearance of two of the revertant types.