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After selecting the best, the researchers introduced more random mutations, then shuffled and sorted again.
His opening hypothesis was that these larger and older animals should have more random mutations that could lead to cancer.
These problems grow more difficult if mutants are generated via random mutagenesis, since each mutant strain may contain 50 to 100 or more random mutations [10] [11], out of which perhaps only one is responsible for the phenotype.
But as more random mutations are added, high-fitness genotypes become less common, and the average harm of multiple mutations is stronger than what the effect of single mutations indicated.
For deleterious mutations, synergistic epistasis means that the decline in average fitness accelerates as more random mutations are added (such epistasis is termed negative by Phillips et al. [ 1]).
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The existing structures are more robust to random mutations and therefore are more evolutionary stable.
In addition, it could them more sensitive to random mutations, which would quantitatively affect the results of [9].
They apply it to a promoter set containing only transitions, no transversions but the method can also be used in the more general case of random mutations.
Typically, as percent divergence increases the estimated age of the insertion event also increases, as older elements have more time to accumulate random mutations.
You argue that infection and horizontal gene transfer more generally should be considered far more important than random mutation as a source of variation because particular mutation occur in a single individual (generally), and must spread vertically, whereas infections can quickly spread to whole populations horizontally.
The potential for this side-effect can be understood by noting that random mutations are more likely to occur to non-hubs, but a mutated non-hub has a high probability of being connected to a hub and, hence, this hub may show differential co-expression despite not being mutated.
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more random variations
more random tests
more random hookups
more random deaths
more random connections
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more random decisions
more powerful mutations
more random phases
more genetic mutations
more random variables
more multifarious mutations
more random people
more random questions
more different mutations
more random reviews
more random explosions
more random conversations
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