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In addition, a model error term is added to the surface energy balance (SEB) equation and the VDA scheme to include the model uncertainty.
(b_{k} sim N 0,{sigma _{b}^{2}})) is the additive random effect of each replicate, and ε k (d)∼N 0,σ 2) is a model error term.
The model is thus: y(d) = B(d)^{T} beta + epsilon(d) where B d) is a vector of K cubic B-spline basis functions for distance d,β is a vector of weights for each B-spline, estimated as part of the model, and ε(d)∼N 0,σ 2) is a model error term as in Approach 1.
If there is a need to include uncertainty due to fluctuations of the true spatial means around a linear trend, then a super-population or time series model for the spatial means must be postulated which comprises a model error term.
A mapping contour interval corresponding to the 99% confidence level at regression model means was calculated using the regression model error term.
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At the same time it avoids any distributional assumptions on chromosome effects and it does not require that the random effects and model error terms be orthogonal.
Auto-correlated model error terms will be included to allow for additional correlation among observations from the same patient in adjacent months.
However, increased importance can be given to smaller scale variables when a spatial autocorrelation structure is incorporated into a models error term (Boyce et al., 2002; Diniz-Filho et al., 2003).
Compared with MEI and SEI models, the direction of the arrows is reversed and the model lacks error term for each of the observed indicators.
In the ordered logit model the error term is assumed to be logistically distributed, whereas in the ordered probit model the error term is normally distributed.
The model contains error terms for model inadequacy (model or process error) and for the sampling error in the estimated spatial means.
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model error terms
models error term
model error estimate
model complexity term
model error sensitivity
model error b
model error covariance
model error time
model error compensator
model product term
model compensation term
model noise term
model error analysis
model error ε
model constraint term
model discrepancy term
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