While minimal cell damage can be repaired by removal of damaged organelles via cellular stress response pathways or autophagy, more severe damage is associated with structural changes (e.g., swelling of the cell membrane).
It was found that the bioprinting process resulted in minimal cell damage making the alginate/CNC hybrid bioink an attractive bioprinting material.
Results from trans-epithelial electrical resistance measurements and cell viability assay show reversible disassembly of TJ with minimal cell damage demonstrating the feasibility of HP as a safe permeability enhancer for drug delivery.
However, their ability to consistently and directly deliver vaccines directly to a high population of skin immune cells with minimal cell damage is limited (resulting in comparable dose sparing gains as needle or microneedle-based systems).
In this study, we obtained successful transfection efficiency with only minimal cell damage by the microporation-based transfection with the EGFP reporter plasmid in hUCB-MSCs.
The localization of proteins identified from TIF was consistent with that of an extracellular fluid and further suggested that the insertion of the catheter caused minimal cell damage.
