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Exact(6)
It happens when the direction of the time-varying field is largely perpendicular to the main field direction.
The equatorial electrojet peak here is negative since CHAMP is flying well above the current, where the magnetic field due to the EEJ opposes the main field direction.
A new analytical approach is used in the design of disc-like gradient coils suitable for magnet geometries with main field direction perpendicular to the surface of the disc.
However, as high-field MRI is sensitive to static magnetic field variations of only the field component along the main field direction, object rotations are typically needed to image three-dimensional current densities.
One can see that with the development of the storm, the EEJ signatures at SWA and SWC first strongly intensified up to −78 nT (at ~19.7 UT, row II), and later, from ~21 UT, they switched from the negative in the main field direction (i.e., eastward) to the positive (i.e., westward), and intensified up to +40 nT (rows III and VI, Figs. 2, 4).
One alert, however, is that there are bands of latitude (between dips (I = 20^circ) and (I = 30^circ), and between dips (I = - 20^circ) and (I = - 30^circ)) where the scalar Sq signal is substantially suppressed because the Sq field direction is largely perpendicular to the main field direction (cf. the note after Eq. 4).
Similar(54)
Finally, due to uncertainties in the Dst index baseline, which drives the POMME external field model, we fit an additional daily correction to the external field model represented as an external dipole oriented in the internal main field dipole direction, as well as a smaller-induced counterpart.
However, since the main field is dominant and uniform in direction inside the survey area, the magnetic total intensity anomalies can be approximated by the component of the magnetic field parallel to the main field.
This is a consequence of the scalar residuals (Delta F approx delta vec {B}_mathrm {Sun} cdot vec {b}_0) being the projection of the magnetic disturbance vector (delta vec {B}_mathrm {Sun}), onto the unit vector (vec {b}_0) of the ambient magnetic field direction (Earth's main field).
As a second step, the averaged magnetization over the whole survey area is estimated under the approximation that the orientation of the rock magnetization is parallel to the direction of the main field, and also that the magnetization is uniform vertically from the ground surface down to 6 km below sea level (BSL), which is slightly shallower than the Curie point depth (Okubo et al., 1985).
Since there is a significant amount of noise in the data, the inversion process needed to be regularised to avoid propagation of this noise in the model along the direction perpendicular to the main field vector.
Related(20)
main field orientation
main development direction
main stream direction
main wind direction
main motion direction
main field army
main transport direction
main field hospital
main commuting direction
main diffusion direction
main field office
main field candidate
main field module
main injection direction
main field inspection
main piping direction
main field deflector
main interaction direction
main field gain
main lobe direction
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