flawed by

USAGE SUMMARY

"flawed by" is a perfectly valid and usable phrase in written English.
It is typically used to describe something that has been damaged or compromised by a certain circumstance. For example, "Her reputation was flawed by the scandal."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

Both are flawed by their limited perspectives.

Encyclopedia Britannica

It is massively flawed by design.

The Guardian - Tech

However, research is often flawed by major biases.

Applied Geography

His trial was deemed deeply flawed by Amnesty International.

The Guardian

A third, successful, test was called flawed by missile critics.

The New York Times

MATERIAL Limestone; a shaft probably already flawed by holes when quarried.

Harvard University

However, AMT is flawed by one-wayness and therefore cannot be applied directly.

Computer Networks

Both scripts are flawed by a running gag that the passage of time has tripped up.

The New Yorker

One vote helped unleash a civil war; another approved a Constitution deemed flawed by nearly everyone.

The New York Times

As for the politics, January's election was flawed by the failure of most Sunnis to vote.

The Economist

"A judgment flawed by a $2 trillion error speaks for itself," a Treasury spokeswoman said.

The New York Times

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "flawed by", ensure the cause of the flaw is clearly stated to maintain clarity and avoid ambiguity. For instance, "The study was flawed by its small sample size" is more effective than just saying "The study was flawed."

Common error

Avoid using "flawed by" without specifying the flaw. Vague statements like "The product was flawed by issues" lack impact. Instead, be precise: "The product was flawed by poor battery life and unreliable software."

Linguistic Context

The phrase "flawed by" functions as a passive voice construction, indicating that something has been negatively affected or rendered imperfect due to a specific cause or factor. Ludwig's examples demonstrate its use in assessing shortcomings, imperfections, or limitations across various contexts.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

40%

Science

35%

Academia

15%

Less common in

Wiki

4%

Formal & Business

3%

Encyclopedias

3%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "flawed by" is a versatile tool for expressing how something is imperfect due to a specific cause. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's grammatically correct and commonly used, particularly in news, scientific, and academic contexts. When using "flawed by", be precise in specifying the flaw to avoid vagueness, and consider alternatives like "marred by" or "tainted by" to fine-tune your meaning. Its widespread usage, underscored by its presence in authoritative sources like The Guardian and The New York Times, highlights its importance in analytical and critical writing. By considering its function, purpose, and register, you can effectively incorporate "flawed by" into your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

marred by

Indicates damage to appearance or quality due to a specific cause, similar to "flawed by" but often more visually oriented.

tainted by

Suggests a negative impact on purity or integrity because of something, implying a moral or ethical failing where "flawed by" might be neutral.

compromised by

Focuses on the weakening or undermining of something's effectiveness, often implying a sacrifice of quality or functionality.

weakened by

Emphasizes the reduction in strength or capability caused by a particular factor.

undermined by

Highlights a subtle or gradual weakening, suggesting that something is being eroded from beneath.

impaired by

Focuses on a reduction in function or ability due to a specific issue, often used in medical or technical contexts.

blemished by

Similar to "marred by", but often refers to minor imperfections that detract from overall quality.

handicapped by

Suggests a disadvantage or obstacle caused by a particular factor, often implying difficulty in achieving success.

restricted by

Highlights limitations imposed by certain conditions, focusing on the constraints rather than the flaw itself.

limited by

Indicates restrictions on scope or potential due to specific factors, similar to "restricted by" but more general.

FAQs

How can I use "flawed by" in a sentence?

Use "flawed by" to indicate that something has imperfections or weaknesses caused by a specific factor. For example, "The argument was "flawed by" logical fallacies".

What are some alternatives to "flawed by"?

You can use alternatives like "marred by", "tainted by", or "compromised by" depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.

Is it better to say "flawed by" or "has flaws"?

"Flawed by" emphasizes the cause of the imperfection, while "has flaws" simply acknowledges the existence of imperfections. The better choice depends on whether you want to highlight the cause.

Can "flawed by" be used in a positive context?

While "flawed by" typically has a negative connotation, it can be used in a neutral or even slightly positive way by acknowledging imperfections as part of a larger, valuable whole. For example, "The masterpiece was "flawed by" minor inconsistencies, but its overall impact remained profound."