Sentence examples for both cave and surface from inspiring English sources

The other major clade within the Non-Atyinae ("Paratyinae" sensu [35], [39]) has both cave and surface species, although, interestingly, both of these two surface species of Paratya Miers, 1882 have also been reported from caves [12], [71].

Most of the major mitochondrial clades recovered from our phylogeographic analyses include both cave and surface populations.

Caves generally contain stable microclimates and may represent microrefugia for species capable of exploiting both cave and surface habitats (troglophiles).

Both cave and surface populations exhibited low levels (< 0.5%) of Ops1 and Ops2 nucleotide sequence divergence (Table  1).

Our collections from the Micos cave (N3) also contained both cave and surface forms and, as in Chica (O8), we observed departures from HWE due to Wahlund effects.

Presumably, troglophiles, uniquely able to exploit both cave and surface habitats [ 18], could also utilize caves as microrefugia during unfavourable climate [ 23].

The Micos cave population (N3) had an intermediate average number of alleles per locus (2.98); previous studies have shown this population to contain both cave and surface-dwelling phenotypes [ 7, 16].

With one exception, these Nesticella were exclusively found in caves; the cosmopolitan Nesticella mogera, however, occurs in both caves and surface habitats.

Tests of association of haplotypes with habitat type or positioning in interior or terminal nodes in the network show that haplotypes are habitat-specific, but Palmorchestia has been present in both caves and surface habitats for a long evolutionary time.

In addition, these salamanders exhibit extensive morphological variation associated with both cave (subterranean) and surface habitats, making them well suited for investigation of parallel evolution of morphological traits in similar environments (e.g., [ 17]).

A more recent study, evaluating both mtDNA and microsatellite data in cave and surface populations of Astyanax, further characterized the reported discordance between nuclear genotypes and the mtDNA clades previously defined from other studies.