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Readings from regions without nuclear staining provided average background fluorescence for each tumour section.
Phosphoramidon (50 μM) and thiorphan (10 μM) were used to inhibit NEP activity and determine background fluorescence for each sample.
The average donor and acceptor fluorescence intensities measured before docking were considered as the background fluorescence for each fusion event and subtracted uniformly from the fluorescence signals.
Isotype-matched negative control antibodies 1A6.12 (IgM) and 1B5 (IgG1) were used to determine the level of background fluorescence for each fluorochrome and the compensation settings.
To measure the fluorescence of αSMA and CK20, the total and background fluorescence for each lymph node metastasis were calculated, and the background fluorescence was subtracted from the total before being used for statistical analysis, as previously described (Yeung et al, 2011b).
Similar(55)
For each well, the total fluorescence from each individual bead type (corresponding to individual mRNA species) minus background fluorescence for that bead type was normalized to the geometric mean of the fluorescence of the 3 housekeeping genes also in that well.
The threshold for fragment detection was set at 2.5x background fluorescence for HpaII and MspI hybridizations.
This is probably due to the high background fluorescence for Alexa 488 on these arrays compared to the spot signals.
For each well, the total fluorescence from each individual bead type (corresponding to individual mRNA species) minus the background fluorescence for that bead type was normalized to the geometric mean of the fluorescence of the 3 housekeeping genes.
Calcium transients were calculated as Δ F/ F = (F− F0)/(F0− Fb), where F0 is baseline fluorescence and Fb is background fluorescence for Cal-520 or OGB-1.
Fluorescence from GFP was not observed in the course of these videos due to the high background fluorescence (for example, see Video 6).
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