as described above

USAGE SUMMARY

"as described above" is correct and frequently used in written English.
It is typically used when summarizing a point or idea discussed earlier in the same text. For example: The painting, which was made in 2020, features vibrant colors and bold brush strokes. As described above, the painting captures the artist's unique and energetic style.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Wiki

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

59 human-written examples

The motions as described above are simplifications.

Wikipedia

Blocking was as described above.

Plosone

Primary antibodies as described above.

Plosone

Quantitative PCR was continued as described above.

Plosone

Viral particles were produced as described above.

Plosone

TRACP staining was performed as described above.

Plosone

Peroxidase level was determined as described above.

Plosone

Motility was then performed as described above.

Plosone

Cell lysate was prepared as described above.

Plosone

Constructs were transfected as described above.

Plosone

The samples were homogenized as described above.

Plosone

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "as described above", ensure that the reference is clear and unambiguous. The reader should be able to easily locate the original description.

Common error

Avoid using "as described above" if the description is too far removed from the reference, forcing the reader to search extensively. In such cases, consider rephrasing or briefly summarizing the key points again.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "as described above" functions as an adverbial phrase, modifying a verb or clause by indicating that further details or actions are performed according to a previously stated description. Ludwig AI confirms the prevalent use of this phrase.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

79%

Wiki

12%

Formal & Business

3%

Less common in

News & Media

3%

Encyclopedias

1%

Reference

1%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "as described above" is a common and grammatically sound adverbial phrase used to reference previously mentioned information. Ludwig AI's analysis indicates it's most prevalent in scientific and technical writing, serving to enhance conciseness. While versatile, ensure the reference is clear to maintain readability. Consider alternatives like "as previously mentioned" for more formal contexts. This phrase offers a practical way to avoid repetition, contributing to the overall clarity and flow of your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

as previously mentioned

This alternative is more formal and directly references a prior mention.

as noted earlier

This alternative emphasizes the temporal aspect of the prior mention.

as discussed before

This alternative highlights that the information was part of a discussion.

as detailed previously

This alternative emphasizes the level of detail provided in the prior mention.

in accordance with the above

This alternative is very formal and emphasizes agreement with what was stated before.

following the procedure above

This alternative is specific to procedural contexts.

consistent with what's been said

This alternative highlights the consistency with prior statements.

as explained earlier on

This alternative clarifies the temporal location of the prior explanation.

according to the prior description

This alternative is more structured, and refers specifically to a description.

pursuant to the details above

This alternative is formal and legalistic, implying action based on the previous details.

FAQs

How can I use "as described above" in a sentence?

You can use "as described above" to refer back to a previously explained process or detail. For example, "The experiment was conducted "as described above", yielding consistent results."

What is a more formal alternative to "as described above"?

Alternatives such as "as previously mentioned" or "as detailed previously" can provide a more formal tone.

Is it correct to use "as described above" at the beginning of a paragraph?

Using "as described above" at the beginning of a paragraph is acceptable if the paragraph directly relates to or continues a description provided in the preceding paragraph. However, ensure clarity; if there's any ambiguity, restate the reference.

What's the difference between "as described above" and "as described below"?

"As described above" refers to something previously mentioned in the text, while "as described below" indicates that the description will follow later in the text.