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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
are not referenced
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "are not referenced" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing information, sources, or elements that have not been cited or mentioned in a particular context. Example: "The studies conducted in this report are not referenced in the bibliography, which raises concerns about their credibility."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
13 human-written examples
Is this aimed at the killers – which would be strange because they barely deserve this after their acts of terror, and they are not referenced in the drawing?
News & Media
The citations are not referenced in the passages where the sourced material was used and instead are listed with page numbers and organized by chapter.
News & Media
Direct objects—objects that are not referenced by a number.
Science
Further, the bias against homeopathy and against any positive evidence for homeopathy is so strong that the vast majority of the articles from the high impact medical and scientific journals are not referenced or described in the Wikipedia article on homeopathy, while there are numerous low-level references to websites and to non-peer review magazines that populate Wikipedia's article.
News & Media
Except for the topical antiseptic merbromin, the other selected molecules have various therapeutic indications (depicted in Table S3) but are not referenced as antivirals.
Science
However, light scattering and reflection are not referenced because luminescence is measured at two wavelengths [ 14].
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
47 human-written examples
But intelligent design was not referenced in the Kansas standards.
News & Media
By design, therefore, this article is not referenced.
Even if the diversity is not referenced in the text, it can be referenced in illustrations".
News & Media
Don't include parenthetical abbreviation if the program is not referenced again.
Academia
Single-supply ADCs often have an input range that is not referenced to ground.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When writing academic papers, ensure all sources and data used are properly referenced to avoid plagiarism and maintain credibility. Use citation management tools to help keep track of all your references.
Common error
Avoid simply stating that certain elements "are not referenced" without providing context or explaining why their absence is significant. Always clarify the implications of the missing references.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "are not referenced" functions as a passive verb phrase indicating the absence of citations or mentions. It's used to point out that specific items lack support or acknowledgment in a given context, as validated by Ludwig.
Frequent in
Science
50%
News & Media
33%
Academia
17%
Less common in
Wiki
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "are not referenced" is a common and grammatically correct way to indicate that certain information or sources have not been cited or mentioned in a particular context. According to Ludwig, this phrase is prevalent in academic, scientific, and news-related content, serving to highlight potential omissions or gaps in information. The phrase "are not referenced" indicates a lack of support or acknowledgment, questioning the validity or completeness of the topic. As such, when using "are not referenced", it is important to provide context as to why this lack of reference is significant. Alternative phrasing, such as "are not cited" or "are not mentioned", can also be used to convey similar meanings.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
are not cited
Replaces "referenced" with "cited", focusing on the act of formally acknowledging a source.
are not mentioned
Uses "mentioned" instead of "referenced", indicating a general lack of inclusion in a discussion or text.
are not included
Emphasizes the absence of something from a set or list.
are not listed
Highlights the omission of items from a formal list.
are not acknowledged
Focuses on the lack of recognition or admission of something.
are not attributed
Stresses that sources or causes have not been assigned or credited.
are not specified
Indicates a lack of detail or clear identification.
are not detailed
Highlights the absence of thorough information or explanation.
are not documented
Focuses on the lack of official recording or reporting.
remain unreferenced
Uses a more formal tone, emphasizing that something has not been cited.
FAQs
What does "are not referenced" mean?
The phrase "are not referenced" indicates that certain information, sources, or elements have not been cited or mentioned in a particular context, such as a document, study, or discussion.
How can I use "are not referenced" in a sentence?
You can use "are not referenced" to point out omissions, such as "The studies conducted in this report "are not referenced" in the bibliography, which raises concerns about their credibility."
What are some alternatives to "are not referenced"?
You can use alternatives like "are not cited", "are not mentioned", or "are not included" depending on the specific context.
Is it better to say "is not referenced" or "are not referenced"?
Use "is not referenced" for singular subjects and "are not referenced" for plural subjects. For example, "The study is not referenced" versus "The studies "are not referenced"".
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested