which pertain to

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "which pertain to" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to topics, subjects, or matters that are relevant or related to something else. Example: "The report includes several sections which pertain to the financial performance of the company over the last quarter."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Academia

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

59 human-written examples

Elementary numerical tests to demonstrate stability properties use parameters which pertain to topological insulator surface states.

Journal of Computational Physics

General processing methods and metallurgical considerations are covered next, which pertain to all of the alloys that are subsequently discussed.

Fundamentals of Aluminium Metallurgy Recent Advances

But this can alone be justified by taking into view the high attributes which pertain to sovereignty.

Cornell University

We verify the effectiveness of the proposed model on a real clinical dataset containing 12,120 patient traces, which pertain to the unstable angina CP.

Journal of Biomedical Informatics

There are also some items that pre-date April 22, which pertain to the student groups who contributed to the campus crises.

Columbia University

In addition to global conservation laws, we establish local conservation laws which pertain to subdomains consisting of a union of elements as well as individual elements.

Journal of Computational Physics

Munch's rushed crudities of style direct attention to the emotional urgency of his subjects, which pertain to specific experiences of life, love, anxiety, and death: modernity as an affliction of the heart.

The New Yorker

They are shelf deposits which pertain to the Metlaoui Group from the northwest and central-east Tunisia, constitute exploration targets for hydrocarbons and form the reservoirs of some important oil-fields at Ashtart and Sidi El Iteyem.

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

Although, the incorporation of MPMD tends to shift the dielectric gamma relaxation towards higher temperatures, the total effects of variations on chemical structure were much smaller than those which pertain to the crystalline phase.

Polymer

Additionally, applicants may supplement their portfolio with their own research publications and creative productions, which pertain to the critical study of new media, in the form of DVDs, websites, and so on.

University of California, Berkeley

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

1 human-written examples

In the simplest textbooks, the powers of the soul were divided into three groups: vegetative (including nutrition, growth, and reproduction), which pertained to both plants and animals; sensitive (including external senses, internal senses, appetite, and motion), which pertain to animals alone; and rational powers, pertaining to human beings alone.

SEP

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Consider the formality of your writing when using "which pertain to". It fits well in academic, scientific, and formal contexts.

Common error

While "which pertain to" is grammatically sound, avoid overusing it in informal writing. Simpler alternatives like "related to" or "about" can make your writing more accessible and less stilted.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which pertain to" functions as a relative clause, modifying a noun or noun phrase. It introduces information that specifies what the noun relates to. Ludwig AI confirms the grammatical correctness and usability of the expression.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

60%

Academia

25%

News & Media

8%

Less common in

Wiki

4%

Formal & Business

3%

Encyclopedias

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "which pertain to" is a grammatically correct and commonly used relative clause that serves to specify relevance or connection. While versatile, it's most suitable for formal contexts like scientific and academic writing. Ludwig AI's analysis highlights its proper usage and suggests considering simpler alternatives for informal settings. To ensure clarity and precision, always verify the direct relationship between the clause and the subject it modifies.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

that are relevant to

Replaces "pertain" with a more common synonym "relevant" to express a similar relationship.

that relate to

Uses the verb "relate" instead of "pertain", offering a slightly less formal tone.

that refer to

Focuses on the act of referencing, where the subject matter points to something else.

that concern

Uses a more direct verb "concern" to indicate the subject matter.

that are connected to

Emphasizes the link or association between the subjects, rather than direct relevance.

that are associated with

Highlights the connection or correlation between the subjects.

that bear upon

Employs a more formal and less common phrase indicating influence or relevance.

that are germane to

Uses a more sophisticated word, "germane", to express relevance or appropriateness.

that apply to

Suggests a rule or standard being applicable, introducing a nuance of governance or regulation.

that have to do with

Offers a more colloquial alternative, suitable for informal contexts.

FAQs

How to use "which pertain to" in a sentence?

Use "which pertain to" to connect a clause to a noun, specifying the relevance or connection. For example: "The regulations "which pertain to" data privacy are under review."

What can I say instead of "which pertain to"?

You can use alternatives like "that relate to", "that apply to", or "that are relevant to" depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. For instance, "issues "that relate to"" or "rules "that apply to"".

Is "which pertain to" formal or informal?

"Which pertain to" is generally considered more formal. In less formal contexts, consider using simpler alternatives such as "that are about" or "that concern".

What's the difference between "which pertain to" and "which apply to"?

"Which pertain to" indicates a general relevance or connection, while "which apply to" suggests a more direct and regulatory connection, often involving rules or standards. For example, "theories "which pertain to"" vs. "laws which apply to".