which in return

USAGE SUMMARY

"which in return" is a grammatically correct phrase that is often used in formal, written English.
You can use this phrase to describe an action, situation, or result that follows a previous event. For example: He donated money to the charity, which in return earned him a tax deduction.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Academia

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

This effect was based on the consumption of hydrogen, which in return promoted SRB metabolic activity.

Surface and Coatings Technology

Structural compliance and edge effects induce inconsistent tests which in return cause spurious measurements.

Materials Science and Engineering: A

The failure mode mainly depends on the braiding structural parameters, which in return determines the energy absorption capacity.

Composite Structures

In this feedback loop, which takes 34 hours, PPAR-gamma activates FABP4, which in return activates PPAR-gamma.

Stanford University

Kadyrov pays lip service to Moscow, which in return acquiesces to the more unsavoury aspects of his rule.

The Guardian - Opinion

The HWA laden cryogels facilitated the co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and capillary-like network formation, which in return also promoted adipogenesis.

Acta Biomaterialia

However, our results show that the improved fill factors can be achieved by increasing NA, which in return leads to optimised efficiency values.

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

However, testing might vary from few hours up to several months which, in return, will have a considerable influence on the cost of these components.

Materials Science and Engineering: A

We appreciate the value and benefit of educating our clients to help give pets a healthy, happy and long life, which in return improves the human-animal bond.

Cornell University

The inducer allows operation at high rotational speeds and low inlet pressures, which in return can lead to cavitation within the inducer.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

To speed progress, building concessions were granted to private and semiprivate companies, which, in return for their investment, were authorized to levy tolls.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "which in return" to clearly show a cause-and-effect relationship where the 'return' action is a direct consequence of the first. This helps maintain a logical flow in your writing.

Common error

Avoid using "that in return" instead of "which in return". "Which" is used for nonrestrictive clauses (adding extra information), while "that" is for restrictive clauses (essential information). Using 'that' would alter the meaning.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which in return" functions as a conjunctive adverbial phrase, connecting two clauses to indicate a cause-and-effect relationship. Ludwig's examples illustrate how it introduces a consequence or result stemming directly from a preceding action or situation.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

58%

News & Media

23%

Academia

12%

Less common in

Formal & Business

5%

Encyclopedias

2%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "which in return" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase that creates a cause-and-effect relationship between two clauses. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's suitable for formal writing across science, news, and academic contexts. To enhance your writing, use "which in return" to create a logical flow, but avoid the common error of substituting "that" for "which". Remember, you can also use alternatives like "consequently" or "as a result" to add variety. By understanding its function and nuances, you can effectively use "which in return" to improve the clarity and coherence of your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

in turn

A shorter and slightly less formal version, maintaining the sense of sequential action.

as a result

Highlights the outcome of a preceding action, providing a clear cause-and-effect relationship.

leading to

Highlights the causal relationship, often used to introduce a consequence.

consequently

Emphasizes the result or effect more directly, offering a more concise alternative.

as a consequence

Similar to "as a result", but might imply a more significant or impactful outcome.

therefore

Indicates a logical conclusion or deduction based on the previous statement.

subsequently

Focuses on the timing of the resulting event, suggesting a sequence of events.

because of that

Directly links the result to the initial cause

thereby

Implies that the preceding action directly leads to the stated result.

thus

A more formal synonym for 'therefore', indicating a logical consequence.

FAQs

How can I use "which in return" in a sentence?

Use "which in return" to connect two clauses where the second clause is a direct consequence of the first. For example, "The company invested in employee training, "which in return" increased productivity."

What are some alternatives to "which in return"?

You can use alternatives like "consequently", "as a result", or "therefore" depending on the specific context and desired level of formality.

Is it correct to use "that in return" instead of "which in return"?

No, it is generally incorrect to use "that in return". "Which" introduces a nonrestrictive clause, adding extra information. "That" introduces a restrictive clause, essential for the sentence's meaning. The phrase ""which in return"" typically provides additional, nonessential information.

What's the difference between "in turn" and "which in return"?

"In turn" is a shorter, slightly less formal way to express a sequential action. "Which in return" explicitly connects the second action as a direct consequence of the first, often adding more emphasis on the cause-and-effect relationship.