Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which exists when
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which exists when" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a condition or situation that occurs under specific circumstances. Example: "The phenomenon of social anxiety is one that which exists when individuals feel excessively self-conscious in social situations."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
5 human-written examples
A potential for violation of security, which exists when there is an entity, circumstance, capability, action, or event that could cause harm. 2.
The use of a teeny-bopper text message acronym in a very adult ad for a show about high schoolers is novel but still symbolic of the di tri chotomy which exists when it comes to marketing to young adults.
News & Media
Another property is mutational bias, which exists when the probability of expansion and contraction is unequal for a mutation event.
Science
A critical limitation of observational methodology is confounding by indication, which exists when variables associated with exposure are also associated with outcomes in the study base [ 3].
Science
Non-uniform DIF, which exists when the probability of giving a particular answer at a given level of health varies both by country and levels of health, was calculated.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
53 human-written examples
He understood the fear of discrimination, which existed when a friend of his died of Aids in the 1980s, "but there is a different equation today".
News & Media
The storyteller's absolute conviction that the father will understand the actions of the torturers and murderers serves to create that atmosphere of universal submission and terror which existed when fear was a way of life.
News & Media
However, if they have their way it is likely that Napster-like peer-to-peer music-file swapping will be far more limited than the free-for-all which existed when Napster had 60m users.Tracks are likely to contain encryption against copying, or expire after a given time unless subscriptions are renewed.
News & Media
This is the idea of negative externalities, which exist when rights do not.
The image, released today, contains about 10,000 objects--many of which existed when the cosmos was less than 1 billion years old.
Science & Research
Some geopressured aquifers may initially contain some free gases, which exist when the gas saturation is below the critical gas saturation.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "which exists when", ensure the condition described in the "when" clause is clearly and directly related to the subject "which" refers to. This maintains clarity and logical flow in your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "which exists when" in complex sentences where the antecedent of "which" is ambiguous. Clarify the noun or clause to which "which" refers to prevent misinterpretation.
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which exists when" functions as a relative clause that modifies a noun or noun phrase, specifying a condition or circumstance under which something is true or present. Ludwig's examples showcase its use in defining terms and describing situations dependent on particular conditions.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
40%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which exists when" serves as a relative clause used to define conditions or circumstances. Ludwig AI classifies it as grammatically correct, although not particularly common. Its usage leans towards neutral to formal contexts, especially in scientific and news media. Effective use requires ensuring a clear antecedent to "which" and avoiding overly complex sentence structures. Alternatives like "that occurs when" can provide simpler and more direct phrasing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
that is present when
Changes the verb "exists" to "is present", providing a slightly more formal tone.
that occurs when
Replaces "exists" with "occurs", emphasizing the happening or beginning of a state.
that holds true when
Substitutes "exists" with "holds true", stressing the validity or applicability of a condition.
that is valid when
Replaces "exists" with "is valid", stressing the truthfulness of something in a specific moment.
that is applicable when
Changes "exists" to "is applicable", focusing on when something can be applied.
that is in effect when
Replaces "exists" with "is in effect", highlighting the operative or functional state during a particular time.
that prevails when
Substitutes "exists" with "prevails", indicating dominance or widespread presence under certain conditions.
that arises when
Replaces "exists" with "arises", suggesting that something comes into being under specific circumstances.
that emerges when
Substitutes "exists" with "emerges", emphasizing the appearance or becoming known of something.
that is the case when
Replaces "exists" with "is the case", generalizing the existence to a situation
FAQs
How can I use "which exists when" in a sentence?
Use "which exists when" to describe a condition or state that is present under specific circumstances. For example, "A threat is a potential violation of security "which exists when" there is an entity that could cause harm."
What's a simpler way to say "which exists when"?
You can replace "which exists when" with phrases like "that occurs when" or "that is present when" for clearer and more direct language.
Is it more formal to use "which exists when" or "that exists when"?
Both "which exists when" and "that exists when" are grammatically correct, but "which" tends to be slightly more formal. The choice often depends on the overall tone and style of your writing. Using alternatives like "that is present when" may also enhance clarity.
Can I use "which exists when" at the beginning of a sentence?
While grammatically possible, starting a sentence with "which exists when" can sound awkward. It's generally better to restructure the sentence so the "which" clause follows the noun it modifies. Consider alternatives like starting with the condition itself and then explaining what "occurs when" it's met.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested