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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which disproves
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which disproves" is correct and usable in written English. You can use it when referring to evidence or arguments that invalidate a claim or theory. For example: "The new data presents a theory which disproves the previous assumptions." Alternative expressions include "which refutes" and "which contradicts."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Academia
Alternative expressions(20)
which rebuts
which contradicts
which invalidates
which negates
that contradicts
that opposes
that is contrary to
that is inconsistent with
that is at odds with
which runs counter to
that supports
that poses
is at odds with
that diverges from
that is compatible with
that are incompatible with
that is not aligned with
that is divergent from
that is disparate from
that is opposed to
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
8 human-written examples
I have seen Eliot's talk show and was amazed at how unscathed he seems to be, which disproves my mother's adage, "Cheaters never prosper".
News & Media
Even cartoons are subjected to the rigours of far-left political theory on a site which disproves the notion that communism can't be funny.
News & Media
This was helpful for all those attending, as was the borough commander's confirmation that Baker's name had never been on any of the police lists of gang members – which disproves any claimed links to Duggan.
News & Media
Altogether these data imply that the dimeric interface of FRP may be disrupted during the functional OCP FRP interaction, but is not directly involved in contacting OCP, which disproves our earlier hypothesis that the dimer interface of FRP has to be uncovered for permitting binding to OCP24.
Science & Research
"The NAO's conclusions were the basis for our evidence given to the PAC yesterday and like the NAO, we see nothing in this correspondence which disproves any of their conclusions," the statement continued.
News & Media
Especially, for (x=0) and (y=1), we have begin{aligned} -infty =ln big (4/3big )+ -infty )ln (1)&le ln big ( mathrm{max}big {1,1,1,0big }big ) = 0. end{aligned}Observe that, f is fixed point free which disproves Theorem 1.2.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
52 human-written examples
Our results strongly suggest the presence and functioning of MGAM which disproved deficiency predictions based on SNP array analysis findings, classifying the deletion as a functional polymorphism.
Significant partners emerged in the new universities, which disproved the adage "what's in a name?" on their transfer from polytechnic status in 1992.
News & Media
Between 1913 and 1917, for example, the American Museum of Natural History, the American Geographical Society, and the University of Illinois had helped finance his explorations of northern Greenland, which disproved the existence of "Crocker Land". His expeditions included extensive work in geology, botany, ornithology, meteorology, ethnology, and anthropology.
News & Media
Frustratingly for scientists, presenting accurate facts which "disprove" a conspiracy theory does not usually help.
News & Media
Because of this, any findings by the media which disprove or cast doubts on any part of his biography can and should be considered an existential threat to his candidacy.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Place a comma before the phrase if it is part of a non-restrictive clause providing extra commentary on the preceding fact.
Common error
Writers often use "which disproves" when they actually mean "which rebuts". To 'disprove' something is to provide conclusive evidence that it is false, whereas to 'rebut' is simply to offer a counter-argument that may or may not be successful.
Source & Trust
90%
Authority and reliability
4.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which disproves" functions as a relative clause introduced by the relative pronoun 'which'. It acts as a post-modifier for a preceding noun phrase or can refer back to the entire preceding clause. According to Ludwig AI, it is primarily used to link a newly introduced fact or piece of evidence to the failure of a prior assumption.
Frequent in
News & Media
45%
Science
35%
Academia
15%
Less common in
Formal & Business
3%
Wiki
1%
Reference
1%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "which disproves" is a precise and effective tool for writers who need to highlight how new data invalidates a previous claim. Ludwig AI indicates that it is a grammatically correct and widely used expression in both journalism and scientific research. While it is highly effective for showing definitive contradiction, writers should be careful not to confuse it with 'rebutting', which suggests an attempt rather than a confirmed success. In formal contexts, alternatives like "which refutes" or "which invalidates" can also be used to add variety and maintain a high professional standard.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
which refutes
Uses a more formal verb often associated with logical or academic arguments
which contradicts
Focuses on the direct opposition between the new evidence and the old claim
which invalidates
Suggests that the previous evidence or logic is no longer legally or logically binding
which falsifies
A technical term often used in scientific methodology to describe proving a theory wrong
which negates
Implies that the new information cancels out the validity of the previous statement
which debunks
More informal and often used in journalism to expose false popular beliefs
which counters
Focuses on providing an opposing argument rather than total invalidation
which calls into question
A softer alternative that suggests doubt rather than absolute proof of falsehood
which challenges
Indicates that the new evidence poses a problem for the existing theory
which undermines
Suggests that the new data weakens the foundation of the previous claim
FAQs
What is the difference between "which disproves" and "which rebuts"?
The phrase "which disproves" implies a successful and final invalidation of a claim. In contrast, "which rebuts" simply means that a counter-argument has been made, without necessarily winning the debate.
Can I use "which contradicts" as a synonym?
Yes, "which contradicts" is a strong synonym, though it focuses more on the inconsistency between two facts rather than the active act of proving one wrong.
When should I use "which refutes" instead?
You might prefer "which refutes" in strictly academic or legal contexts where you are systematically dismantling an opponent's logic.
Is "which disproves" too informal for scientific papers?
No, it is perfectly acceptable. However, many scientists prefer "which falsifies" or "which invalidates" for a more technical tone.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
90%
Authority and reliability
4.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested