Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.
Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which constitutes of
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which constitutes of" is not correct in English.
The correct form is "which consists of." You can use "which consists of" when describing the components or elements that make up a whole. Example: "The committee is composed of several members, which consists of experts in various fields."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Wiki
Alternative expressions(20)
which involves
that covers
which encompasses of
which includes
which incorporate
that is made up of
which comprises
that encompasses
which registration of
which features
which combines of
together with
that consists of
which concludes
which consists of
which belongs of
which comprises of
such as
incorporating
which is of
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
4 human-written examples
The primary structure of laccases consists of Greek key β barrel topology which constitutes of approximately 500 amino acid residues organized in three consecutive domains.
Hence, the periodic cooperative spectrum sensing based on "listening before transmitting" is proposed in this paper, which divides the communication time into several frames, each of which constitutes of three time slots including local sensing slot, cooperative interaction slot, and data transmission slot, as shown in Fig. 1.
Caspases are cysteine proteases belonging to a large family which constitutes of serine, aspartic and metallo proteases.
Science
Additionally, we purified a myotoxic PLA2 (PhTX-I) to homogeneity in reverse-phase HPLC, which constitutes of a single polypeptidic chain, has a molecular mass of 14.249 Da, and whose amino acid sequence exhibits high identity with other myotoxic Asp49 PLA2 [ 20].
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
56 human-written examples
The negative control, which constituted of the same culture medium used for viral inoculation but without the virus, was seeded in another six wells.
Science
The largest repeat, with a size of 72 bp, was the dispersed repeat of intergenic spacer region of psbI/ trnG-GCC and psbE/ petL which constituted of a repeating unit of 36 bp in size occurring twice.
Science
It has a recorded forest area of 34651 km2 which constitutes 65% of the total area of the state.
Wiki
Since 1991, Ms. Johnson, 66, a former teacher, has been the town clerk of Islip, which constitutes 51percentt of the Congressional district.
News & Media
The study was carried out in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, the former Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan, which constitutes 40%% of the country's forested area (Lubna 2001).
Science
These locations are in agreement with the known function of CBFB, which constitutes half of the core-binding factor TF complex.
Science
The exit is down a mirrored stairwell, which constitutes something of an art installation of its own.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Avoid using "which constitutes of" in formal writing. Use "which consists of", "which comprises", or "which is composed of" instead for grammatical accuracy.
Common error
Many writers incorrectly use "constitutes of" instead of the correct phrase "consists of". Remember that "constitute" means 'to compose or form', while "consist of" means 'to be composed of'. Therefore, use "consists of" when indicating the parts that make up a whole.
Source & Trust
79%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which constitutes of" is grammatically incorrect. Ludwig shows several examples where the correct form is "which consists of". The primary grammatical function intended is to modify a noun phrase, indicating what elements compose it.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
20%
Wiki
20%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Academia
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which constitutes of" is grammatically incorrect. As Ludwig AI points out, the correct forms are "which consists of" or "which comprises". While some examples show its use in scientific and general contexts, it's best to avoid this phrasing in formal writing. Alternative phrases like "which is composed of" or "which includes" offer grammatically sound substitutes. Remember to use "consists of" when describing the components that make up a whole.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
which comprises
A more formal substitute for 'constitutes', indicating inclusion.
which is composed of
Replaces 'constitutes' with 'is composed', focusing on the elements forming something.
which is made up of
Emphasizes the components that create the whole.
which includes
Highlights the elements contained within something.
which encompasses
Suggests a broader inclusion, covering all aspects.
which incorporates
Highlights that elements are added to form something.
which features
Focuses on the prominent aspects or characteristics.
which comprehends
Signifies that a larger subject broadly cover smaller concepts.
which integrates
Implies that the elements are combined to form something.
which embodies
Suggests that something is a tangible representation.
FAQs
What is the correct way to use "constitute"?
The word "constitute" means to form or compose. It's correctly used as in "These elements constitute the whole". Avoid using "constitute of"; instead, use "consists of".
What can I use instead of "which constitutes of"?
The correct alternatives include "which consists of", "which comprises", or "which is composed of". The best choice depends on the specific context.
Is "which constitutes of" grammatically correct?
No, "which constitutes of" is grammatically incorrect. The correct phrasing is "which consists of" or "which comprises".
What's the difference between "which constitutes" and "which consists of"?
"Which constitutes" means 'which forms or makes up', while "which consists of" means 'which is composed of'. The key difference is that "constitutes" directly implies the act of forming something, while "consists of" describes the state of being composed of elements.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
79%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested