which confirm

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase 'which confirm' is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to introduce evidence that supports a statement or belief. For example: Our sales data indicate that customers prefer our new product, which confirms our expectations.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

The party congress should become acquainted with new documents, which confirm Stalin's character.

The Guardian

Envy, jealousy, a wish to emulate: those are emotions which confirm the standing of the one they are directed against.

The Guardian

In London, 97% of buses have been given accessibility certificates, which confirm the bus conforms with anti-discrimination regulations.

The Guardian

Or try these Louboutin heels, which confirm that leopard is still sexy, even when you change its spots.

The Guardian - Lifestyle

Each chapter closes with a couple of halftone images discussed in preceding pages, which confirm Curtis's darkroom genius.

The New York Times - Books

Numerical experiments are reported which confirm this.

Journal of Computational Physics

There are no similar previous studies which confirm our results.

Health Economics Review

Numerical examples are given which confirm the presented theoretical results.

Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics

Finally, some numerical experiments which confirm our theory are presented.

Computers & Chemical Engineering

Numerical experiments are provided, which confirm the theoretical findings.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes

Experimental results are given which confirm the modelling.

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "which confirm", ensure the clause it introduces provides direct and clear evidence supporting the preceding statement. This helps maintain clarity and strengthens your argument.

Common error

Avoid using "which confirm" when the evidence provided is only tangentially related or doesn't directly support the claim. This can weaken your argument and confuse readers.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which confirm" functions as a relative clause introducing additional information that provides evidence or validation for the preceding statement. As confirmed by Ludwig, it helps to support and strengthen claims.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

65%

News & Media

30%

Formal & Business

5%

Less common in

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "which confirm" is a versatile phrase used to introduce evidence supporting a prior statement. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's grammatically sound and frequently employed across diverse fields, most notably within scientific and news contexts. Remember to utilize this phrase when presenting clear and direct support for your claims, while steering clear of using it with only tangentially related or weak evidence. By applying these guidelines, you enhance the clarity and persuasiveness of your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

that demonstrate

This phrase highlights the act of showing or proving something through examples or evidence.

that validate

Focuses on establishing the accuracy or soundness of something.

that verify

This alternative suggests a formal or official confirmation process.

that corroborate

This phrase places a stronger emphasis on providing evidence to support something.

that affirm

This phrase suggests a declaration or assertion of something being true.

that prove

A direct and strong way to indicate that something has been conclusively shown to be true.

that substantiate

Implies providing strong evidence to prove something.

that establish

This alternative emphasizes the act of setting up or creating a firm basis for something.

that attest to

This alternative indicates that something serves as evidence or proof of something else.

that bear out

This idiom suggests that something supports or confirms a previous statement or prediction.

FAQs

How do I use "which confirm" in a sentence?

Use "which confirm" to introduce a nonrestrictive clause that provides evidence or verification for the preceding statement. For example, "The study's findings align with previous research, "which confirm" the validity of our hypothesis".

What can I say instead of "which confirm"?

You can use alternatives like "that validate", "that demonstrate", or "that corroborate" depending on the context.

Is it better to use "which confirms" or "which confirm"?

The choice between "which confirms" and "which confirm" depends on the noun it refers to. Use "which confirms" for singular nouns and "which confirm" for plural nouns. For example, "The data, "which confirm" our initial findings, is now available."

What's the difference between "which confirm" and "that confirm"?

"Which" introduces a nonrestrictive clause, adding extra information that isn't essential to the sentence's meaning. "That" introduces a restrictive clause that is essential. "The results, "which confirm" our hypothesis, will be published soon" (nonrestrictive). "The results that confirm our hypothesis are significant" (restrictive).