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Exact(35)
Following Laplace's law, wall tension increases with vessel radius.
The air molecules in a flow move due to their diffusion and for the residence time of a blood flow (tau _r), the transverse propagation (Delta) of air molecules is given by begin{aligned} Delta sim sqrt{4Dtau _r}sim 0.3,mathrm{mm}, end{aligned} (24 this distance is small compared to the blood vessel radius.
In this process the bubble displacement (Delta = v_{fl}tau _r) during the residence time of bubbles must be small compared to the blood vessel radius, which leads to the criterion for the bubble radius begin{aligned} r ll 40,upmu mathrm{m}.
With the orifice just above the distributor, particles slid off the cone in a well-defined sheet landing at about one-third the vessel radius, from which solids spread into the vessel by sliding down the rising-bed surface at the angle of repose.
The initial water flow per unit area of microvessel wall [(Jv/S 0, where Jv is water flux and S is unit area of the microvessel wall] was calculated from the velocity of the marker cell after the vessel was occluded, the vessel radius, and the length between the marker cell position and the occlusion site (Fig. 1).
Pre-atherosclerotic changes, before any localised changes in especially intima dimensions, are found, consisting of a process of gradual vascular widening, associated with temporally at least partly dissociated increases in width, which as a fraction of total vessel radius show a phased process.
Similar(25)
Examples of the effect of the vessel enhancement filter are shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Compared to the unfiltered data, robust delineation of arteries could be obtained by the multiscale combination (Eq. 4). Figure 3 shows the cross-calibration factor (Eq. 7) if different single vessel radii are used.
The vessel radii adapt to several different stimuli (see the model section).
Adaptation of vessel radii can be observed on two different timescales.
Based on this consideration, our vessel-adaptation algorithm is altered so that vessel radii are no longer iterated to steady-state at each time-step (30 min).
Imposing periodicity in the axial direction of the initial vessels would demand that the vessel radii at both ends of the domain be equal, which is not usually the case.
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