Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
to refrain from concluding
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "to refrain from concluding" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing the act of intentionally not reaching a conclusion or decision about something. Example: "In order to gather more evidence, we have decided to refrain from concluding our investigation at this time."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Academia
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
60 human-written examples
Here it seems we should refrain from concluding that Tweety has strong forelimb muscles, since there is reason to doubt that the strength of wing muscles is causally (and hence, probabilistically) independent of capacity for flight.
Science
Although we deliberately refrain from concluding here that smokeless tobacco products represent a lower overall disease risk alternative to cigarettes, we do conclude from our findings that the available data suggest at most a minor increased risk of oral cancer associated with the use of a wide range of currently used Western chewing tobacco and snuff.
Science
The Contracting Parties will refrain from concluding an alliance or from participating in an action directed against any one of them or of such nature as to prejudice its interests.
Academia
In the latter case, id., at 773, 99 S.Ct., at 2082, the Court said: "The short answer is that Congress did not write the statute that way". We refrain from concluding here that the differing language in the two subsections has the same meaning in each.
Academia
Declaring the run-off an "historic opportunity" for Liberia, Ecowas issued "a final appeal" to the CDC to abandon boycott plans and "to refrain from all unconstitutional practices that may mar the concluding phase of the electoral process".
News & Media
The Harvey Road Board decided to refrain from pursuing the matter until World War II had concluded.
Wiki
Resolve to refrain from one-upping Dad.
News & Media
A possible third convention, as discussed by Jackson [ 8], would be to refrain from giving a confidence interval in such instances and instead conclude that the interval is undefined.
But for now the bank appeared to conclude that there were sufficient indicators of recovery to refrain from new efforts to stimulate economic growth and help end Britain's double-dip recession.
News & Media
If the GAO concludes that the administration's conduct is violating the law, that could put increased pressure on it to refrain from these tactics, or on congressional Republicans to exercise their own oversight of them.
News & Media
Given these restrictions one may generally conclude that the response that is cued by the base-rates should be selected if participants manage to refrain from giving too much weight to the intuitive answer cued by the description.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "to refrain from concluding" when you want to emphasize a deliberate choice to avoid making a final decision, especially when more information is needed.
Common error
Avoid overuse of the passive voice when using "to refrain from concluding". Instead of saying "a conclusion was refrained from being made", opt for the active voice: "the committee chose to refrain from concluding."
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "to refrain from concluding" functions as an infinitive phrase expressing purpose. It indicates the reason or intention behind an action, which is to avoid finalizing a decision or judgment.
Frequent in
Science
0%
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Wiki
0%
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "to refrain from concluding" is a grammatically sound expression used to convey the deliberate avoidance of reaching a final judgment. While examples are scarce, Ludwig AI confirms its correctness and indicates its primary function as a purpose connector. Related phrases include alternatives like "to avoid reaching a conclusion" and "to hold off on concluding". When using this phrase, aim for active voice and be mindful of the context, which often involves caution or the need for further information.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
to avoid reaching a conclusion
Highlights the avoidance of a conclusion, maintaining a similar level of formality.
to hold off on concluding
Suggests postponing the conclusion, implying a temporary delay in judgment.
to abstain from deciding
This alternative focuses on abstaining from the act of deciding, similar to refraining from concluding.
to not finalize the decision
Emphasizes that the decision is not yet final, similar to not concluding.
to postpone the conclusion
Indicates a formal delay in finalizing a decision.
to defer judgment
Highlights the act of postponing judgment or decision.
to withhold a verdict
Focuses on withholding a formal verdict or decision.
to suspend judgment
Implies a temporary suspension of reaching a final decision.
to not jump to conclusions
Emphasizes avoiding hasty or premature judgments.
to resist drawing inferences
Focuses on resisting the temptation to draw inferences or conclusions.
FAQs
How can I use "to refrain from concluding" in a sentence?
You can use "to refrain from concluding" to express a decision to avoid making a final judgment. For example, "The investigators decided "to refrain from concluding" until all the evidence was examined."
What are some alternatives to "to refrain from concluding"?
Some alternatives include "to avoid reaching a conclusion", "to hold off on concluding", or "to postpone the conclusion", depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
When is it appropriate to use "to refrain from concluding" in writing?
It's appropriate when you want to indicate a deliberate and conscious decision not to finalize a conclusion, often because further information is needed or the situation is complex.
Is there a more formal way to say "to refrain from concluding"?
Yes, more formal alternatives include "to defer judgment" or "to withhold a verdict". These options are suitable for academic or professional contexts.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested