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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
this evidence includes
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "this evidence includes" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when you want to specify the items or types of information that are part of the evidence being discussed. Example: "In the report, this evidence includes witness testimonies, photographs, and forensic analysis."
✓ Grammatically correct
Academia
Formal & Business
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Wiki
Reference
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
23 human-written examples
This evidence includes 26 witness statements from friends and relatives with details of the abuse they say she suffered for opposing her husband.
News & Media
This evidence includes glacial and glaciomarine related sedimentary and erosional features within the seismic units (glacial unconformities, glacial troughs, till wedges, prograded wedges, trough mouth fans, glaciomarine sheet deposits and moraines), which are bounded by glacial unconformities.
Science
Sometimes this evidence includes the idea of true beauty.
Science
This evidence includes the fact that he uses email and text messaging.
News & Media
This evidence includes five disclosures by the boys themselves to non-parental caregivers, medical authorities and child welfare authorities.
News & Media
This evidence includes lexical and structural borrowings from Dravidian into the Indo-Aryan languages of the area (see Fig. 3 below), as well as Dravidian place name suffixes in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Sindh (Pakistan).
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
37 human-written examples
We ignore this evidence – including these results from the Predimed trial – at our own peril".
News & Media
This evidence included excerpts from the record of the state proceedings as well as testimony of petitioner and various state officials.
Academia
This evidence included the occurrence of glacial deposits tillites of Permo-Carboniferous age (approximately 290 million years old) and similar floras and faunas that are not found in the Northern Hemisphere.
Encyclopedias
The evaluation of this evidence, including the credibility of the three witnesses in question, was as this Court recognized (355 U.S., at 241, 244245, 78 S.Ct. at 250, 252253) a matter for the District Court.
Academia
This evidence included the fact that, from 1982 to 2006, hundreds of objections to proposed voting changes had been lodged by the attorney general's office, tens of thousands of federal observers had been sent to monitor voting in the covered areas and at least 14 cases had been reported of judicial findings of intentional discrimination.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Consider the context and audience when choosing between "includes" and more formal alternatives like "comprises" or "encompasses".
Common error
Avoid using "this evidence includes" if you intend to provide an exhaustive list. If the list is not exhaustive, consider using "this evidence, among other things, includes..." or "this evidence, for example, includes..." to signal that the listing is not complete.
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "this evidence includes" serves as an introductory phrase, functioning to enumerate or specify the components that constitute the evidence under consideration. As Ludwig AI confirms, this structure aligns with standard English grammar.
Frequent in
Science
40%
News & Media
24%
Academia
16%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
8%
Formal & Business
4%
Wiki
4%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "this evidence includes" is a grammatically sound and commonly used phrase that introduces the specific elements constituting a body of evidence. As confirmed by Ludwig AI, it is suitable for various contexts, from academic and scientific writing to news reporting. When using this phrase, be mindful of providing a clear and specific listing, and consider alternative phrases like "comprises" or "encompasses" to adjust the level of formality. By following these guidelines, you can effectively use "this evidence includes" to enhance clarity and organization in your writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
this evidence encompasses
Replaces "includes" with a more formal term, emphasizing a comprehensive scope.
this evidence comprises
A more formal alternative to "includes", suggesting a complete listing of components.
this evidence consists of
Highlights the constituent parts of the evidence.
this evidence incorporates
Suggests that the evidence integrates various elements into a cohesive whole.
this evidence features
Focuses on key or prominent aspects of the evidence.
the evidence here entails
More formal and indicates a necessary involvement or consequence.
this evidence details
Emphasizes the descriptive aspect of the evidence.
this evidence specifies
Highlights precise and explicit components of the evidence.
this evidence points to
Suggests the evidence directs attention to certain conclusions or facts and shifts the focus from components to implications.
the summation of evidence shows
This implies that a range of facts and findings indicate that. It's a complete change in structure, from defining which elements there are to show its conclusions.
FAQs
How do I use "this evidence includes" in a sentence?
Use "this evidence includes" to introduce a list of specific items or details that constitute the evidence being discussed. For example, "This evidence includes witness testimonies, forensic reports, and video recordings."
What can I say instead of "this evidence includes"?
You can use alternatives like "this evidence comprises", "this evidence consists of", or "this evidence encompasses" depending on the context.
Is it grammatically correct to say "this evidence includes"?
Yes, "this evidence includes" is grammatically correct. The phrase follows standard English grammar rules and is widely used in both formal and informal contexts.
What's the difference between "this evidence includes" and "this evidence proves"?
"This evidence includes" introduces the specific elements of the evidence, while "this evidence proves" asserts the conclusion that the evidence supports. They serve different functions in an argument or discussion.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested