A numerical calculation, based on the TRIO matrix ion-beam transport computer programme, is used to simulate the collision event and its effects on the focussing properties of a number of 'double-focussing' instrument designs.
This is why, during the focussing phase of the insight process, Jung-Beeman and Kounios saw activity in the prefrontal cortex and the neighboring anterior cingulate cortex.
When a well-corrected lens is used in place of a pinhole, the geometrical ray divergence is eliminated by the focussing action of the lens, and a much larger aperture may be employed; in that case the diffraction spreading becomes small indeed.
This can be accomplished by an ESQ matching section in which each beam travels on average at a slight angle to the axis of the quadrupoles and uses the focussing effect of the FODO lattice to maintain the angle.
The pulsed electron beam is produced by guiding the incident laser through an acousto-optic modulator and coupling the light of the first diffraction maximum into an optic fiber, where it is guided to the focussing optics outside the vacuum chamber.
On the contrary, since the focussing coils of the resistivity logging (GLOG) tool is able to penetrate into the soil/rock through the slotted screens (Keys Scott 1997), the recorded formation resistivity through screened PVC pipes is much lower with values in the order of 100 Ωm (column 6).
The focussing system says "This image is all at the same range" - the convergence system says "This image is at a variety of different ranges".
The focussing program was performed in the PROTEAN® IEF Cell (Bio-Rad).
Such large phase gradients cannot be compensated due to the finite numerical aperture of the focussing objective, and therefore limit the efficiency of aberration correction.
Before measurement, the correction collar of the focussing objective was adjusted manually to optimise image quality around a depth of 100 μm, so that the average spherical aberration value at lesser depths was negative.
As previously, the correction collar of the focussing objective was set so as to optimise image quality at a depth around 200 μm within the sample, which corresponds to the middle of the slice thickness.
