Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
reproduced below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "reproduced below" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that information or text will follow in the same document or message. Example: "The relevant excerpts from the report are reproduced below for your reference."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(20)
is equivalent to
in the wishes of
rapidly thereafter
for the immediate future
Very soon
somewhere later
one week before
at the early time
in the next weeks
it is important to remember
during the previous years
to avoid disruption
not yet completed
in accordance with direction from
a couple of books before
if not soon
as excellent as
in a flash
as instructed by the directive
as tall as
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
58 human-written examples
The chat logs reproduced below have never been seen in their entirety before.
News & Media
These include a newspaper ad, reproduced below, that heralded the Aug. 2 rally.
News & Media
One, reproduced below, appears to be an original work sloppily imitating the style of the Hold Steady's songwriter Craig Finn, which is typically dense with dialogue, narrative and extra syllables crammed into the meter, as well allusions to old rock records, Roman Catholicism, drugs and locations in the American Midwest.
News & Media
Naturally, I Twittered my notes (reproduced below).
News & Media
The full text is reproduced below, but hopefully Microsoft gets their issues ironed out and posts it again.
News & Media
The main result of [1] (reproduced below as Theorem 1) is that cooperative bi-quadratic Boolean networks can still be p-c-chaotic.
The full list of voice actions is reproduced below, but the mechanics of the app remain the same: hold down the device's search button, or tap the microphone icon in the Google Search bar widget.
News & Media
As my former business 2.0 colleague Philip Elmer-DeWitt at the Apple 2.0 blog illustrates in the handy chart reproduced below, most other Wall Street analysts put 2009 iPhone sales at less than 25 million.
News & Media
In a letter to shareholders, reproduced below, Icahn notes that he and Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer have been discussing possible transactions over the past week, and that Ballmer " made it clear to me that if a new board were elected, he would be interested in discussing a major transaction with Yahoo!... immediately".
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
2 human-written examples
But then I discovered that while the Google reference, which I reproduce below, still had me in paternal mode: [ image: /photos/59095a8b6552fa0be682d74b] The actual entry, though, had been scrubbed and altered, so that I was now, properly, the brother.
News & Media
A typical example is given in Figure 3 of Kapranov et al [7, p. 418], which we reproduce below, together with its explanatory caption.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "reproduced below" to clearly signal that you are about to present a copy or exact representation of something, such as a document, image, or piece of text. This sets a clear expectation for the reader.
Common error
Make sure that the content you are referring to is actually placed directly below the statement. If the content is on a different page or location, use a more specific reference, such as "reproduced in Appendix A" or "see Figure 3 on page 15".
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "reproduced below" serves as a directional marker, guiding the reader's attention to subsequent content that is presented as an exact copy of something. According to Ludwig AI, it's a grammatically correct phrase used to create clarity.
Frequent in
News & Media
40%
Science
36%
Encyclopedias
8%
Less common in
Formal & Business
4%
Reference
0%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "reproduced below" is a grammatically sound and highly prevalent directional marker used to indicate that an exact copy of content will follow. As Ludwig AI confirms, it serves primarily to inform the reader, often appearing in neutral to formal registers across diverse sources like news, science, and encyclopedias. When using this phrase, make sure the copied material is, in fact, below the phrase and that it is a true reproduction. Alternatives such as "shown below" or "included below" may be suitable depending on context and desired level of formality.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
included below
Indicates that the information is part of a larger set of data.
shown below
Uses 'shown' instead of 'reproduced', implying visual representation.
displayed below
Similar to 'shown below', but suggests a more formal presentation.
presented below
Implies a deliberate act of offering or showcasing information.
detailed below
Emphasizes the thoroughness of the information provided.
exhibited below
Suggests a public display or presentation of information.
see below
A more direct and concise way of directing attention to what follows.
find below
Directs the reader to locate the information in the subsequent text.
following is
Inverts the sentence structure, placing the content first.
as follows
A formal way to introduce a list or explanation.
FAQs
How can I use "reproduced below" in a sentence?
You can use "reproduced below" to indicate that a specific piece of content, such as text or an image, is shown directly after the phrase. For example: "The relevant excerpt from the document is reproduced below."
What are some alternatives to "reproduced below"?
Alternatives include "shown below", "included below", or "see below". The best choice depends on the context and desired level of formality.
Is it necessary to use "reproduced below" if the content is obviously following?
While not always strictly necessary, using "reproduced below" adds clarity and explicitly signals to the reader that the following content is directly related and intentionally placed there for their reference.
Can "reproduced below" be used for content that is not exactly duplicated?
Technically, "reproduced below" implies an exact copy. If the content is paraphrased or summarized, consider using phrases like "summarized below" or "the key points are outlined below" instead.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested