Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
presumed to constitute
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "presumed to constitute" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing something that is assumed or believed to form a part of a whole or to have a particular status. Example: "The evidence presented in court is presumed to constitute sufficient proof of the defendant's guilt."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Encyclopedias
Wiki
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
60 human-written examples
These recommendations make explicit neither what constitutes an "institution" nor which characteristics of institutions are presumed to be responsible for poor OAC outcomes.
Science
A homology search yielded two paraplegin-related genes, AFG3L2 and YME1L1, presumed to be the human orthologs of the yeast genes encoding Afg3p and the protein that constitutes the i-AAA protease (Yme1p), respectively (Banfi et al., 1999; Coppola et al., 2000).
Even when Europeans are presumed to be genetically homogeneous, it is not unrealistic to believe that punctual LD variations may be actually happening within populations, and that these may constitute a certain impediment in our ability to replicate association signals [ 25, 26].
Science
These patients are presumed to be cured.
Encyclopedias
New architecture was presumed to be revolutionary.
News & Media
The three were presumed to be Michael Howard, Peter Lilley and Michael Portillo.
News & Media
His lawyer said that Dr. Waksal was "presumed to be innocent".
News & Media
The small objects are presumed to be quarks.
Encyclopedias
Decreased collagen synthesis is (presumed to be) the result.
(2012), which is presumed to be inversely related to GLD.
Science
Five variables were presumed to be measurements of religiosity.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "presumed to constitute" when you want to express an assumption or belief that something forms a part of a whole, without necessarily having definitive proof. Ensure the context makes it clear that the statement is based on inference rather than fact.
Common error
Avoid using "presumed to constitute" when you possess concrete evidence. If something is definitively known to be the case, use more assertive language such as "is" or "consists of" instead.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "presumed to constitute" functions as a verb phrase within a sentence, typically expressing an assumption or inference about the composition or nature of something. The examples found by Ludwig AI show its use in various contexts where a degree of uncertainty or presumption is involved.
Frequent in
Science
30%
News & Media
25%
Encyclopedias
20%
Less common in
Wiki
15%
Formal & Business
5%
Social Media
5%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "presumed to constitute" is a useful phrase for expressing an assumption or belief about the composition or nature of something, without claiming definitive proof. Ludwig AI indicates that the phrase is grammatically correct and suitable for neutral to formal contexts. When using this phrase, ensure that the context clearly indicates that the statement is based on inference rather than established fact. Alternatives such as "assumed to form" or "believed to comprise" can be used to vary your language while maintaining a similar meaning. This phrase is more common in scientific, news, and encyclopedic contexts, and while less common, is still usable in wiki, formal and business, and social media contexts.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
assumed to comprise
Replaces "presumed" with "assumed" and "constitute" with "comprise", focusing on the act of forming a whole.
believed to form
Substitutes "presumed to constitute" with a more direct expression of belief regarding formation.
thought to compose
Uses "thought" instead of "presumed" and "compose" instead of "constitute", implying a mental consideration of the elements.
considered to embody
Emphasizes the aspect of embodying or representing something, changing the core verb.
deemed to incorporate
Replaces the phrase with a more formal term, focusing on the act of including or integrating.
understood to represent
Shifts the focus to representation, suggesting the phrase is about standing for something.
taken to include
Simplifies the expression, focusing on the act of inclusion rather than formation.
regarded as encompassing
Highlights the aspect of encompassing or covering a range of elements.
inferred to build
Suggests the action is about constructing or building, inferred from available evidence.
speculated to construct
Indicates the action is a speculation about the manner of construction of something.
FAQs
How can I use "presumed to constitute" in a sentence?
The phrase "presumed to constitute" is used when you believe something forms part of a larger whole or has a specific characteristic, but without absolute certainty. For example, "The missing documents are "presumed to constitute" evidence of fraud".
What are some alternatives to "presumed to constitute"?
Depending on the context, you could use alternatives like "assumed to form", "believed to comprise", or "thought to be".
Is it better to use "presumed to constitute" or "is believed to constitute"?
Both phrases are grammatically correct, but "presumed to constitute" is more concise. "Is believed to constitute" adds emphasis to the belief but can sometimes sound redundant.
What is the difference between "presumed to constitute" and "known to constitute"?
"Presumed to constitute" indicates an assumption based on available information, whereas "known to constitute" implies that there is solid, verifiable evidence to support the claim.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested