Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
please refer below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"please refer below" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when you want to direct the reader to look at additional information, such as a link, a chart, or another section of the document. For example, "Please refer below for more information about our company's products and services."
✓ Grammatically correct
Academia
Science
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
However, LBNL fee remissions are considered by the Billing and Payment system as outside awards and take priority over a campus fee remission (please refer below to Priority List of Awards & Fee Remission).
In the new version, we have avoided this problem; please refer below to our reply to Dr. Barraclough.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
Please refer to the below charts for the appropriate annual dues.
Academia
Please refer to the below Subscription Terms & Policies before placing an order.
Academia
Please refer to the below link for the USDA statement regarding P-Wild's permit with Pisgah National Forest.
Academia
Similar to the process of wine production from original wine to final wine to bottled wine to packaged wine (please refer to the below Fig. 1), disputes (original wine) meet legal requirements once they become a case (packaged wine).
If you need to teach your kid more facts about Kwanzaa, please refer to the below informational music video I shot with the New York homies a few years back.
News & Media
Please refer to the chart below for more information regarding CTY's refund policies.
Academia
For further background and analysis on many of the themes discussed below, please refer to the original sources cited in Table 2.
Science
(4) In a difference model, an explanatory variable corresponds to the change value; for specifics, please refer to notes below Tables 3 and 4. Specifically, according to the present job model, the effect of outward interaction on the non-state sector has a value of 0.047, while it is only 0.015 for state-owned sectors (=0.047 − 0.032).
Searching this database while taking into consideration both the patient's phenotype and his/her entire genomic data when ranking the results could aid enormously in the medical genetic evaluation of patients (please refer to discussion below).
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "please refer below", ensure the referenced information is directly below or clearly indicated. This avoids confusion for the reader and maintains clarity in your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "please refer below" without clearly indicating what the reader should be referring to. Be specific about the section, table, or figure you are directing them to. A vague reference can disrupt the flow of reading and frustrate the audience.
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "please refer below" functions as an instructional phrase, guiding the reader to find relevant information located later in the text. It serves as a signpost, ensuring readers can easily locate supporting details or related content, as confirmed by Ludwig.
Frequent in
Academia
33%
Science
33%
News & Media
33%
Less common in
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "please refer below" is a grammatically sound and instructionally functional phrase used to direct readers to subsequent information. Ludwig confirms its correctness and usability in written English. It's most common in academic, scientific, and professional writing and requires clear indication of the referenced content to avoid ambiguity. Alternatives include "see the following section" or "consult the information below". Ensure precision and clarity when using this phrase to maintain effective communication.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
for further details, see below
Highlights that more information is available and directs the reader to its location.
see the following section
Emphasizes the sequential nature of the information, directing attention to a specific section.
consult the information below
Highlights the act of seeking advice or guidance from the information presented.
refer to the subsequent data
Implies a more analytical approach to the information.
check out the details below
Less formal and emphasizes exploring the information for interesting aspects.
see the table below
More specific; directs the reader to a particular table.
examine the subsequent details
More formal, stressing careful and thorough inspection of the upcoming information.
take a look at what follows
Informal, prompting the reader to observe the upcoming information.
peruse the information underneath
Suggests a casual and leisurely reading of the information.
note what is presented below
Emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the following information.
FAQs
How can I use "please refer below" in a sentence?
You can use "please refer below" to direct the reader to additional information located later in the text. For example, "For more details about our methodology, "please refer below"."
What are some alternatives to "please refer below"?
Alternatives include "see the following section", "consult the information below", or "for further details, see below".
Is it appropriate to use "please refer below" in formal writing?
Yes, "please refer below" is appropriate for formal writing, especially when directing the reader to a specific section or figure. However, ensure the reference is clear and the information is easily accessible.
What's the difference between "please refer below" and "please see above"?
"Please refer below" directs the reader to information located later in the document, while "please see above" directs them to information presented earlier. Choose the phrase that accurately reflects the location of the information.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested