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Exact(6)
However, this model only works when some of the mutations are slightly deleterious, and there is currently little evidence of selection on synonymous codon use in mitochondrial DNA in any organism [15].
The mutations are slightly more destabilizing than the NUPACK predictions of 0.4 kcal/mol for either of them.
We suggest that there exists a set of peripheral tRNAs for which mutations are slightly deleterious and scaled selective coefficients are only of a moderate size (| Ne s| ≤ 5).
Many mutations are slightly deleterious in that they are highly unlikely to achieve fixation but have only a mild effect on phenotype, such that they are unlikely to be registered as pathogenic mutations.
This is expected if most segregating nonsynonymous mutations are slightly deleterious, as is suggested by their negative values of Tajima's D (Table 4), because purifying selection is more effective at removing deleterious mutations when Ne is large.
It was argued that accelerated amino acid substitutions can occur if some nonsynonymous mutations are slightly deleterious, and the current effective population size is larger than the long-term effective population size [ 27]; this is because slightly deleterious mutations that are currently not segregated in the population may have been fixed in the past.
Similar(54)
By contrast, these mutations were slightly stabilizing (∼1.5 kcal mol−1) to the tertiary structure of α3D.
The frequency of EGFR and KRAS mutations was slightly lower than other published series, possibly because the mutation detection software that we used went through various stages of development during this project [25].
We found that coding sequence mutations were slightly enriched in the putative selective sweeps.
In comparison to an optimized population, the fraction of deleterious mutations is slightly smaller than in the optimized case, while the fraction of mutations with a positive effect on fitness (whether they are truly beneficial or compensatory) is significantly larger.
Assigning pathogenicity to tRNA mutations is slightly more challenging; tRNA variants are common; however, a small number of tRNA mutations are responsible for a disproportionate majority of mitochondrial disease.
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