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Exact(10)
However, the activities of the M-1, M-3, M-4, M-5, and M-6 mutants in cell lysate were lower than that of wild-type CueO (Fig. 2).
The pcDNA plasmid containing the Z (E342K) α1-antitrypsin allele was used as the basis for the mutants in cell culture experiments [ 29].
The helicase activity of K319E and R374Q was reduced to <20%with all nucleotides, consistent with the strong depletion observed with these mutants in cell culture.
Ectopic expression of ALS-associated FUS mutants in cell lines showed an inverse correlation between the degree of cytoplasmic mislocalization and the age of ALS onset in patients bearing the corresponding mutations.
Screening of the remaining RAD51C missense mutants in cell survival studies revealed that, four of the missense mutations, RAD51C D159N, G264S, T287A and R366Q partially rescued the MMC sensitivity of DT40 cells that lack RAD51C.
Although the replication stalling that is observed when expressing Twinkle adPEO mutants in cell culture leads to rapid loss of mtDNA, this effect has not been reported in adPEO patients.
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We tested these mutants in cells with time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer and death assays, and show remarkable agreement with the calculations.
Further high-resolution structures of p115GHR/CC and binding partner complexes combined with characterization of structure based mutants in cell-based assays will be required to understand how p115 carries out its tethering function.
This could account for the more pronounced effects of these mutants in cells bearing longer neurites (>50 µm) [10].
Since some misfolded tyrosinase mutants may fold and recover their enzymatic activity below 37°C [24] we have expressed the mutants in cells cultivated at 31°C.
In summary, Figure 2 shows that ERK MAP kinase is activated by virtually all tested FGFR3 mutants in cells, including the weakly activating HCH and ACH mutants N540K and G380R, respectively.
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