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Fixed effects and variance components were estimated using multiple trait animal models within each breed.
Direct and correlated responses to 11 years of selection were estimated using BLUP methodology applied to a multiple trait animal model.
The conditional covariance matrix of y given u can be obtained by fitting a standard multiple trait animal model (MTAM, [ 17]) and obtaining the estimated residual covariance matrix, here represented by R 0 *.
A Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to sample an exchangeable covariance matrix, such as the one of the error terms (R 0) in a multiple trait animal model with missing records under normal-inverted Wishart priors is presented.
Heritability of average clutch length was estimated to be 0.42 ± 0.02, with a multiple trait animal model, whereas the estimates of the realized heritability were lower, being 0.28 and 0.22 in lines L1 and L2, respectively.
A random regression model for daily feed intake and a conventional multiple trait animal model for the four traits average daily gain on test (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass lean content and meat quality index were combined to analyse data from 1 449 castrated male Large White pigs performance tested in two French central testing stations in 1997.
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Covariance components were obtained using AIREMLF90, and a multiple-trait animal model.
Twinning rate was analyzed in the Israeli Holstein dairy cattle population by the multiple-trait animal model, and a daughter design genome scan for quantitative trait loci was performed.
The reduced animal model can also easily be extended to a multi-trait setting, following standard multiple-trait animal model procedures.
A sensitivity analysis was performed to contrast single-trait sire and animal model evaluations with different heritabilities, multiple-trait animal model evaluations with different degrees of genetic correlations and models with maternal effects.
For the last two decades, the breeding values have been obtained by a multiple-trait animal model (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, BLUP) [ 9], accelerating the genetic improvement of the breed.
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