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The biofilm-cultured human endothelial cells were used to demonstrate the real-time detection of nitric oxide molecule released from attached cells.
b Real-time monitoring of nitric oxide molecule released from the attached cells on RGD-peptide covalently bonded graphene biofilm in cell culture medium.
It is unclear whether plasmalogens directly regulate cholesterol transport through effects on membrane dynamics or if a signaling molecule released from hydrolysis of plasmalogens is involved in the process.
As shown in Fig. 5, RGD peptide was covalently bound onto pyrenebutyric acid-functionalized chemical reduced graphene oxide surface to significantly boost cell adhesion and growth for real-time electrochemical detection of nitric oxide molecule released from attached human cells under drug stimulations.
Signalling could be part of such a resuscitation mechanism, mediated perhaps by a small molecule released from murein as a result of the action of Rpf / Sps proteins.
Mainly produced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activated monocytes/macrophages, TNF is a homotrimer molecule released from the cell surface by a specific enzyme (TNFα-converting enzyme, TACE).
Similar(51)
During the thermal decomposition process, molecule-size pores generated when the HF molecules released from the flower-like particles.
It is thus conceivable that molecules released from humic superstructures may then access cell membranes and induce different physiological responses.
While the microgels are nontoxic, the drug molecules released from the microgels remain active to kill the cancer cells.
So, the triggered catecholamine molecules released from PC12 cells can be continuously monitored through the changes in current flowed on the surface of nanotubes [81].
The HCl addition resulted in transformation of the aniline molecules released from the particles to anilinium cations, which in turn were polymerized by chemical oxidation with APS.
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