Sentence examples for modification systems in from inspiring English sources

In this context, research and development in this field focuses on new concepts of flexible surface modification systems, in order to achieve an optimal performance on non-standard tooling elements.

The lack of restriction modification systems in W and Crooks suggests that these strains are less able to inactivate foreign DNA.

Type I (Sung and Lindsay 2007; Waldron and Lindsay 2006) and type III like (Corvaglia et al. 2010) restriction modification systems in S. aureus provide natural barriers to HGT.

Furthermore, in ground water highly contaminated with heavy metals, nitric acid and organic solvents, enhanced abundance of resistance genes towards e.g. nitrate, cadmium and acetone has been reported [ 10], and quaternary ammonium compound exposure can cause enrichment of efflux pumps and cell envelope modification systems in microbial communities [ 11].

Using the PacBio RS Modification and Motif Analysis (MAMA) protocol, we observe in both the WT and M150B genomes the previously reported N-methyladenine modification motifs associated with Type II and Type I restriction modification systems in Cpa (m-6A modifications: 5′-GAmTC-3′ and 5′- AAmGNNNNNCTCC-3′, respectively) [ 15].

Pupylation is currently the only known post-translational protein-to-protein modification system in prokaryotes.

Taken together, it is concluded that the adenine methylation modification system in Thermoanaerobacter sp. X514 was active and is likely the major restriction modification system in this organism, suggesting that methylation of foreign DNA by specific methylases or cell extracts [22] is essential prior to introducing into X514 cells.

Methylation of adenine or cytosine is a part of the restriction modification system in bacteria; by methylating its own DNA by the use of methyltransferases it is possible to separate this DNA from foreign DNA.

Taken all together, the presence of the complete Type II restriction modification system in all lineage III strains and the CRISPR-Cas in majority (if not all) of these strains might help this lineage to protect themselves from the invasion of foreign DNA such as phages.

The growing list of Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) substrates includes transcription factors and epigenetic regulators, which implies the involvement of the SUMO modification system in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression [ 4] and in the initiation and maintaining of heterochromatin silencing [ 5, 6].

This collaboration may have promoted the spread and, therefore, the long-term persistence of these complexes and restriction-modification systems in a wide range of prokaryotes.