Sentence examples for modelled as in from inspiring English sources

Selection at the focal locus was modelled as in Hamilton's [ 1] original model (4) W A = 1 − k + (v − 1 ) K n − 1 ; W S = 1 + v K n − 1, where v is the number of altruistic members in a group of size n, and k is the units of fitness given by an A-type in order to add K units to the joint fitness of his (n -1) companions.

The kinetics are modelled as in [ 23], and the resulting ODE model comprises 117 parameters in total.

Associations between the sum score and ACR, eGFR were modelled as in preceding analyses using linear regression adjusted for age and stratified by sex.

The dynamics for the concentration of the family [AP-1] is modelled as: In the first example, we consider the construction of an irreversible gene switch via parameter changes.

In DCM, changes in neuronal states over time are modelled as in Equation 1. (1) d x d t = (A + ∑ j = 1 m u j B (j ) ) x + C u where x is the state vector, A represents the endogenous (intrinsic) connectivity, B j) represents the task-dependent modulations of the modelled region driven by the input function u, and C denotes the influence of direct inputs to the system.

Thus, accuracy is real, not assumed or modelled as in model-based approaches, where accuracy crucially depends on the model which is presumed to generate the population under study.

In the canonical model of the demand for health, the Grossman model, health behaviours are modelled as investments in human capital (Grossman, 1972).

For each variable, 7 models were evaluated: five dual-equilibrium O-U models corresponding to a single change in environment at the base of each of the five indicated clades; the single-equilibrium O-U model, in which all clades are modelled as occurring in a single environment; and the Brownian motion (constant variance) model.

Of the alternative scenarios modelled, all variants of the continuous dispersal models were significantly correlated with the craniometric data, regardless of whether the dispersals were modelled as originating in Anatolia or in the Levant, and regardless of which geographic parameter was employed to model dispersal (500, 1000 or 1500 km).

We investigate two statistical approaches for analyzing the relationship between the proposed stages of bipolar disorder: 1) the early stages are considered as time-varying covariates affecting the hazard of bipolar disorder in a Cox proportional hazards model, 2) the early stages are explicitly modelled as states in a non-parametric multi-state model.

Usually, a dipped rail joint defect (as shown in Fig. 3a) can be modelled as illustrated in Fig. 3b and expressed mathematically by Eq. (1) [19, 19, 20].