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Exact(5)
Areal covariates are motivated by a principal component analysis that indicates the seasonal spatial average is the dominant mode of variability across the domain.
The Pacific climate contains another mode of variability similar to the ENSO, but varying on a decadal scale, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) mode.
As an example, we extracted space time structures (modes) of variability from a subway passenger dataset by applying CSEOF analysis and interpreted each mode of variability based on the structure of the loading vector and the corresponding amplitude time series.
Temperature changes are greater in our simulation, as expected from the larger magnitude forcing, however the circulation response is very different: our results do not resemble the Arctic Oscillation, whilst those of Shindell et al. [loc. cit.] project strongly onto this leading mode of variability.
The PC analysis renders more significant the collective impact of ENSO on all mammalian populations combined, while it renders less significant the 10-year mode of variability that seems to be restricted to the lynx and the marten populations.
Similar(55)
The NAO and NAM (or AO as some call it) are natural modes of variability.
Thus, we call modes of variability to eigenvector and principal components together.
In the present study, we are specifically interested in identifying space time eigenfunctions of the subway passenger data, i.e., distinct modes of variability of subway passengers as a function of subway stations and times of the week.
Four interpretable modes of variability were observed in average nighttime temperatures among Hobo sites: (1) regional/synoptic; (2) topoclimatic; (3) land surface feedback; (4) canopy cover and vegetation.
The evidence also indicates that resolving precipitation and runoff trends amidst natural modes of variability will be challenging and unlikely within the next several decades.
Such tidal/SPW analysis of F3/C ionospheric observations was also demonstrated (Chang et al. 2015a) to be effective in isolating the modes of variability comprising the Weddell Sea Anomaly (WSA).
Related(20)
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